小型水平轴可变偏心距风力机输出特性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2020.18.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于机械强度和发电机容量等限制，当超过额定风速后小型风力机的输出功率值会不断增大，因此需要采取有效措施控制输出功率。设计了一种具有功率调节功能的水平轴可变偏心距风力机，并对单台1.5 kW可变偏心距风力机样机进行了流场数值模拟及风洞试验。研究结果表明：随着偏心距的增大风轮内外表面最大压力向一侧集中分布，风力机后方速度的亏损程度逐渐降低；当超过额定风速12 m/s后，风力机发生左右偏心可使输出功率值减小，当风速为15 m/s、偏心距为75 mm时，左右偏心所对应的最低输出功率分别为1 353 W和1 539 W，调控误差分别为9.8%和2.6%。上述结果充分验证了可变偏心距风力机功率控制的可行性，同时也为风力机电控系统的设计提供了理论及试验依据。

关键词: 功率控制, 风力机, 风功率, 数值模拟, 风轮侧偏, 风洞试验

Abstract: Due to limitations of mechanical strength and the generator capacity, the output power values of small wind turbines would continue to rise when the rated wind speed was exceeded, therefore, it was necessary to take effective measures to control the output powers. A horizontal axis variable eccentricity wind turbine with power regulation function was designed. And the numerical simulation of flow fields and wind tunnel tests of a single 1.5 kW variable eccentricity wind turbine prototype were carried out. The results show that with the increasing of eccentricity, the maximum pressures of the inner and outer surfaces of the wind wheels are concentrated on one side, the speed loss degree at the rear of the wind turbines is gradually reduced. When the rated wind speed of 12 m/s is exceeded, the wind turbine with left and right eccentricity may reduce the output power values. When the wind speed is as 15 m/s, the eccentricity is as 75 mm, the minimum output power values corresponding to the left and right eccentricity are as 1 353 W and 1 539 W respectively, and the regulatory errors are as 9.8% and 2.6% respectively. The above results fully verify the feasibility of variable eccentricity wind turbine power control, and also may provide theoretical and experimental basis for the design of wind electromechanical control systems.

Key words: power control, wind turbine, wind power, numerical simulation, wind wheel deflection, wind tunnel test

中图分类号:

TK83

包道日娜；刘旭江；王小雪；王帅龙；刘嘉文. 小型水平轴可变偏心距风力机输出特性分析[J]. 中国机械工程, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2020.18.007.

BAO Daorina；LIU Xujiang；WANG Xiaoxue；WANG Shuailong；LIU Jiawen. Analysis of Output Characteristics for Small Horizontal Axis Variable Eccentricity Wind Turbines[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2020.18.007.

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http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2020/V31/I18/2196

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