500m口径球面射电望远镜电液促动器系统空化影响的数值研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对FAST电液促动器可靠性增长试验过程中出现的振动和噪声问题，采用计算流体力学（CFD）的Mixture多相流模型等，建立FAST电液促动器液压系统油源内部流场和吸油管路模型，依据试验数据验证了模型的正确性，并对油源内的压力脉动、空化现象进行仿真试验。结果表明：系统的吸入压力低于130 kPa时，扩大吸油管路直径可显著减少系统空化；油源转速低于3500 r/min时，转速变化对系统空化现象的影响较小，转速高于3500 r/min时，系统内的空化现象随着转速的增大而加剧；在转速和工作压力不变的条件下，随着吸入压力的增大，系统油源内部流场空化现象减弱，系统压力脉动减小。对扩大吸油管路直径后的FAST电液促动器进行试验，未出现振动现象，且噪声等级降至60 dB以下。研究成果为合理判断系统内空化产生的原因和提高FAST促动器的可靠性打下了理论基础。

关键词: FAST电液促动器, 吸油管径, 液压系统噪声, 空化

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of vibrations and noises in FAST electro-hydraulic actuator reliability growth tests, the Mixture multiphase flow model of CFD were used to establish the flow field and suction pipeline model of oil source in FAST electro-hydraulic actuator hydraulic system. According to the experimental data, the correctness of the model was verified. The pressure fluctuation and cavitation phenomena in the oil source were simulated. The results show that the cavitation may be significantly reduced by expanding suction pipeline when the suction pressure is less than 130 kPa; when the speed of the oil source is less than 3500 r/min, the change of the speed has little influence on the cavitation; when the speed is greater than 3500 r/min, the cavitation increases with the increase of the speed; Under the conditions of constant working pressure, with the increase of suction pressure, the cavitation phenomenon and pressure fluctuation decrease. Finally, the experiments of improved FAST electro-hydraulic actuator show that there is no vibration and the noise level is below 60 dB. The results provide a theoretical basis for judging the causes of cavitation in FAST and improving the reliability of FAST actuators.

Key words: five-hundred-meter aperture spherical radio telescope (FAST) electro-hydraulic actuator, oil suction pipe diameter, noise of hydraulic system, cavitation

中图分类号:

TG156

秦亚璐1,3;蔡伟1,3;王留根1,3;雷政2;赵静一1,3;王启明2. 500m口径球面射电望远镜电液促动器系统空化影响的数值研究[J]. 中国机械工程, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.02.007.

QIN Yalu1,3;CAI Wei1,3;WANG Liugen1,3;LEI Zheng2;ZHAO Jingyi1,3;WANG Qiming2.

Numerical Study of Cavitation Effects of Electro-hydraulic Actuator System of FAST

[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.02.007.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.02.007

http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V32/I02/171

参考文献

［1］王玉婷,王启明,朱明，等.光纤光栅传感器在500m口径球面射电望远镜工程索网施工阶段的应用［J］.中国机械工程,2016,27(20):2759-2764.

WANG Yuting, WANG Qiming, ZHU Ming, et al. Applications of Fiber Grating Sensor in Construction Stage of Cable Net for FAST［J］. China Mechanical Engineering, 2016,27(20):2759-2764.

［2］王启明, 张辉, 汪劲松. FAST馈源精调试验平台运动精度分析［J］. 机械工程学报, 2002, 38(增刊)：52-55.

WANG Qiming，ZHANG Hui，WANG Jinsong. The Kinematic Accuracy Analysis of the FAST Feed Fine-tuning Test Platform［J］. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2002，38(S)：52-55.

［3］闫政, 权龙, 黄家海. 变转速变排量双控轴向柱塞泵脉动特性及噪声研究［J］. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(16)：176-184.

YAN Zheng, QUAN Long, HUANG Jiahai. Characteristics of Pulsation and Noise in the Axial Piston Pump with Displacement and Speed Compound Control［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(16)：176-184.

［4］杨华勇, 马吉恩, 徐兵. 轴向柱塞泵流体噪声的研究现状［J］.机械工程学报, 2009, 45(8)：71-79.

YANG Huayong, MA Jien, XU Bing. Research Status of Axial Piston Pump Fluid-borne Noise［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2009, 45(8)：71-79.

［5］刘春节，吴小锋，干为民，等.基于全空化模型的柱塞泵内空化流动数值模拟［J］.中国机械工程,2015,26(24):3341-3347.

LIU Chunjie, WU Xiaofeng, GAN Weimin, et al. Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flow in Piston Pump Based on Full Cavitation Model［J］. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015,26(24):3341-3347.

［6］OBERAI A A, ROKNALDIN F, HUGHES T J R. Computational Procedures for Determining Structural-acoustic Response due to Hydrodynamic Sources［J］. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics & Engineering, 2000, 190(3)：345-361.

［7］JIANG Y Y, YOSHIMURA S, IMAI R, et al. Quantitative Evaluation of Flow-induced Structural Vibration and Noise in Turbomachinery by Full-scale Weakly Coupled Simulation［J］. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2007, 23(4)：531-544.

［8］WANG M, FREUND J B, LELE S K. Computational Prediction of Flow-generated Sound［J］. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 2005, 38(1)：483-512.

［9］茹强. FAST液压促动器液压集成管路系统可靠性增长研究［D］.秦皇岛：燕山大学,2019.

RU Qiang.Research on Reliability Growth of FAST Hydraulic Actuator Hydraulic Integrated Pipeline System［D］.Qinhuangdao：Yanshan University,2019.

［10］周俊杰. 齿轮泵多连通容积内空化演变过程及其影响研究［D］.北京：北京理工大学, 2015.

ZHOU Junjie. Study on Cavitation in Multi-connected Volumes and Its Effects on the Operation of Gear Pumps［D］. Beijing：Beijing Institute of Technology, 2015.

［11］杨国来，王文宇，黄付田，等.不同吸油口尺寸及转速下齿轮泵空化特性［J］.液压与气动，2020(1):74-79.

YANG Guolai，WANG Wenyu，HUANG Futian，et al.Cavitation Characteristics of Gear Pump under Different Suction Port Sizes and Speeds［J］.Chinese Hydraulics ＆ Pneumatics，2020(1):74-79.

［12］李明学，杨国来，李晓青，等.吸油压力对外啮合齿轮泵空化特性的影响［J］.农业机械学报，2019，50(3):420-426.

LI Mingxue，YANG Guolai，LI Xiaoqing，et al.Influence of Suction Pressure on Cavitation Characteristics of External Gear Pump［J］.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery，2019，50(3):420-426.

［13］KATO C, YAMADE Y, WANG H, et al. Numerical Prediction of Sound Generated from Flows with a Low Mach Number［J］. Computers & Fluids, 2007, 36(1)：53-68.

［14］PARRONDO J, JAVIER PREZ, RAL BARRIO, et al. A Simple Acoustic Model to Characterize the Internal Low Frequency Sound Field in Centrifugal Pumps［J］. Applied Acoustics, 2011, 72(1)：59-64.

［15］LARSSON J, DAVIDSON L, OLSSON M, et al. Aeroacoustic Investigation of an Open Cavity at Low Mach Number［J］. AIAA Journal, 2004, 42(12)：2462-2473.

［16］谈明高,陆友东,吴泽瑾，等.叶片数对离心泵振动噪声性能的影响［J］.农业工程学报,2019,35(23):73-79.

TAN Minggao, LU Youdong, WU Zejin, et.al. Effects of Blade Number on Flow Induced Vibration and Noise in Centrifugal Pump［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2019, 35(23):73-79.

［17］卢永刚, 王洋, 王秀礼，等. 管道输油泵流体噪声模拟及泵噪声测试方法［J］. 排灌机械工程学报, 2017, 35(8)：645-651.

LU Yonggang, WANG Yang, WANG Xiuli, et al. Experimental and Simulation Methods of Flow Noise on Pipeline Oil Pumps［J］. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering, 2017, 35(8)：645-651.

[1]	丁川, 章立超, 夏宁, 陈豪奇, 阮健, 孟彬, . 二维活塞/缸体副微间隙流场的剪切空化实验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2023, 34(12): 1395-1406.
[2]	俞轲鑫1；尚群立1；吴欣2. 节流孔板空化特性分析[J]. 中国机械工程, 2021, 32(03): 290-296.
[3]	孙毅;祝利豪;毛亚郎;鲁沛奇;黄韶炜. 近球壁射流空泡溃灭对微细颗粒破碎效果的影响[J]. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31(24): 2910-2917，2923.
[4]	孙毅;黄韶炜;毛亚郎;祝利豪. 近壁面超声空化微射流对微细颗粒的破碎作用[J]. 中国机械工程, 2019, 30(24): 2953-2960.
[5]	麦文豪;邓宇;郭钟宁;洪文生. 激光诱导前向转移水中制备聚二甲基硅氧烷微粒[J]. 中国机械工程, 2018, 29(08): 979-982.
[6]	高殿荣1;索晓宇1;蔡倩玲2;毋少峰1;梁英娜1. 水压柱塞泵关键结构参数对泵内空化的影响[J]. 中国机械工程, 2018, 29(04): 434-440.
[7]	汪朝晖1;胡亚男1;饶长健1;邓晓刚2. 自激振荡脉冲喷嘴空化效应及其射流形态的数值分析[J]. 中国机械工程, 2017, 28(13): 1535-1541.
[8]	夏冬生, 孙昌国, 于彦, 张会臣. 磁致伸缩仪超声空化流的三维非定常数值模拟[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(22): 3061-3067.
[9]	张小强, 祝锡晶, 王建青. 超声振动珩磨单空化泡溃灭温度研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(06): 796-800.
[10]	高永强, 魏明锐, 谭保华, 颜伏伍, 董卫涛. 基于OpenFOAM的喷孔内部流动与近场雾化的数值模拟[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(01): 79-84.
[11]	刘春节, 吴小锋, 干为民, 何亚峰. 基于全空化模型的柱塞泵内空化流动数值模拟[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(24): 3341-3347.
[12]	叶林征, 祝锡晶, 郭策. 超声空化微射流建模与仿真[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(21): 2890-2894.
[13]	李四海, 袁士豪. 二级节流阀口空化特性表征研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(16): 2165-2169,2221.
[14]	沃恒洲1, 姚智华1, 张亚芳2, 王国丰1, 徐玉福1, 胡献国1. 发动机喷嘴内部空化初生的数值模拟研究 [J]. 中国机械工程, 2011, 22(17): 2071-2075.
[15]	吴光焱, 杨敏官, 康灿. 轴流泵叶轮内空化的数值模拟与实验研究 [J]. 中国机械工程, 2010, 21(18): 2229-2232.