五轴加工中心旋转轴几何误差元素区别建模辨识技术

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.05.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 构建五轴加工中心空间误差模型的关键环节在于准确辨识旋转轴位置相关几何误差元素（PDGE）和位置无关几何误差元素（PIGE）。以某五轴加工中心为研究对象，提出了一种面向旋转轴PDGE和PIGE的区别建模辨识方法。以多体系统理论和齐次坐标变换为基础，以两运动链末端所构空间向量欧氏范数的演变规律为依据，推导建立旋转轴PDGE与PIGE辨识基本方程，并借助球杆仪获取辨识基本方程求解所需参数；结合所建辨识基本方程揭示旋转轴PDGE与PIGE的耦合机制，提出了一种迭代方法以实现旋转轴PDGE和PIGE的准确分离与解耦。为验证上述辨识方法的有效性与准确性，提出一种基于虚拟样机的数值验证策略。仿真结果表明，所提辨识方法较好地解决了五轴加工中心旋转轴两类几何误差元素之间的耦合问题，可为建立加工中心空间模型提供准确的数据支撑。

关键词: 五轴加工中心, 旋转轴, 几何误差元素, 辨识技术, 区别建模

Abstract: It was critical to precisely identify the rotary axis position-dependent geometric error elements(PDGE) and position-indendent geometric error elements(PIGE) for constructing volumetric error models of five-axis machining centers. A five-axis machining center was taken as the research object, and a distinct modeling identification method was proposed for rotary axes PDGE and PIGE. Actual kinematic models of the rotary axes were firstly constructed by using multi-body system theory and homogeneous transformation matrix. The variations of the formed spatial vector Euclidean norms at the end of the two kinematic chains were then derived, according to which the essential equations for identifying rotary axes PDGE and PIGE were established, where the required parameters for solving the identification basic equation were obtained via double ball bar tests. Combining with the essential equations, the coupling mechanism of the rotary axes PDGE and PIGE were revealed, based on which an iterative method was proposed to accurately decouple the rotary axes PDGE and PIGE. Finally, in order to verify the method, a numerical verification strategy was presented and carried out on the basis of a virtual prototype. The simulation results show that the coupling issues between rotary axes PDGE and PIGE are resolved by the proposed identification method, thus providing accurate data support for constructing volumetric error model of five-axis machining centers.

Key words: five-axis machining center, rotary axes, geometric error element, identification technology, distinct modeling

中图分类号:

TH161

郑华林1;项锡平1;胡腾1;米良2;刘雁3. 五轴加工中心旋转轴几何误差元素区别建模辨识技术[J]. 中国机械工程, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.05.006.

ZHENG Hualin1;XIANG Xiping1;HU Teng1;MI Liang2;LIU Yan3. Distinct Modeling and Identification Technology for Rotary Axes Geometric Error Elements of Five Axis Machining Centers[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.05.006.

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链接本文: http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.05.006

http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V32/I05/547

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