基于MPS方法的二级齿轮箱飞溅润滑特性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.15.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 飞溅润滑时，二级传动齿轮箱内部润滑油流场分布情况十分复杂，传统有限元方法难以对其进行可视化仿真分析，在模型处理、算法选用、网格划分和计算工作量等方面存在诸多问题。基于充分的调研与大量的前期计算分析，利用移动粒子半隐式（MPS）法对轨道车辆用二级传动齿轮箱的飞溅润滑特性进行研究。分析了不同输入轴转速、初始润滑油油量和环境温度下齿轮箱内部润滑油的流场特性，实现了齿轮箱飞溅润滑的可视化计算；分析了不同工况下齿轮啮合点的油液粒子数时域变化情况，发现啮合处粒子数与转速关系不大，与初始油量成正相关，40 ℃时啮合处滑油粒子数最多，润滑效果最好；分析了各工况的齿轮箱搅油功率损失情况，发现搅油功率损失与输入轴转速和初始滑油油量成正相关，与环境温度的提高成负相关，且均为非线性变化。

关键词: 飞溅润滑, 移动粒子半隐式法, 流场特性, 润滑特性, 搅油功损

Abstract: During splash lubrication, the distribution of the lubricant flow field inside the secondary transmission gearbox was very complicated. The traditional finite element method was difficult to perform visual simulation analysis. Based on sufficient research and a large number of preliminary calculations, the MPS method was proposed to study the splash lubrication characteristics of the secondary transmission gearbox for rail vehicles. The flow field characteristics of the gearboxes under different input shaft speeds, initial lubricating oil volumes and ambient temperature were analyzed, and the visual calculation of gearbox splash lubrication was realized. The time-domain variation of the number of oil particles at the gear meshing points was analyzed under different operating conditions, and it is found that the number of particles at the meshing points has little relationship with the speed, and was positively correlated with the initial oil volumes. The number of lubricating oil particles in the meshing area is the largest at 40 ℃ and the lubrication effectiveness is the best. The gear churning power losses of the gearbox under various operating conditions were analyzed, and it is found that the gear churning power losses are positively correlated with the input shaft speeds and the initial oil volumes, and negatively correlated with the ambient temperature increment, and both of the relationship is of nonlinear feature.

Key words: splash lubrication, moving particle semi-implicit(MPS) method, flow field characteristic, lubrication characteristic, gear churning power loss

中图分类号:

U273.1

谢迟新, 刘桓龙, 贾瑞河, 黎强. 基于MPS方法的二级齿轮箱飞溅润滑特性研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2021, 32(15): 1827-1835,1843.

XIE Chixin, LIU Huanlong, JIA Ruihe, LI Qiang. Research on Splash Lubrication Characteristics of Two-stage Gearboxes Based on MPS Method#br#[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 32(15): 1827-1835,1843.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.15.008

http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2021/V32/I15/1827

参考文献

［1］秦平安. 轨道车控制系统软件设计及实现［D］.大连：大连理工大学，2017.
QIN Pingan. Software Design and Implementation of Railcar Control System［D］. Dalian：Dalian University of Technology，2017.
［2］陈晓玲，刘松丽，黄智勇，等. 高速列车传动齿轮箱浸油深度对平衡温度的影响［J］. 铁道学报,2008,30(1)：89-92.
CHEN Xiaoling，LIU Songli，HUANG Zhiyong，et al. Study on the Influence of Immersion Depth on Equilibrium Temperature of Spur Gear Used in High Speed［J］. Journal of the China Railway Society，2008,30(1)：89-92.
［3］GORLA C，CONCLI F，STAHL K，et al. CFD Simulations of Splash Losses of a Gearbox［J］. Advanced Tribology,2012:616923.
［4］姜义尧，胡小舟，孙凯. 某型直升机中减速器飞溅润滑流场特性分析［J］. 航空动力学报，2018，33(12)：3032-3040.
JIANG Yiyao，HU Xiaozhou，SUN Kai. Analysis of Flow Field Characteristics of Medium Reducer with Splash Lubrication in a Certain Helicopter［J］. Journal of Aerospace Power，2018，33(12)：3032-3040.
［5］刘中令，范乃则，田华军，等. 高速机车齿轮箱内部润滑油流场特性数值模拟［J］. 机械传动，2017，41(3)：129-133.
LIU Zhongling，FAN Naize，TIAN Huajun，et al. Numerical Simulation of the Flow Field Characteristic of Lubricating Oil in the Gearbox of High Speed Locomotive［J］. Journal of Mechanical Transmission，2017，41(3)：129-133.
［6］陈黎卿，张栋，陈无畏. 基于流固耦合的分动器齿轮两相流动数值模拟与试验［J］. 农业工程学报，2014，30(4)：54-61.
CHEN Liqing，ZHANG Dong，CHEN Wuwei. Numerical Simulation and Test on Two-phase Flow Inside Shell of Transfer Case Based on Fluid-structure Interaction［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering，2014，30(4)：54-61.
［7］常帅. 车用电动轮的行星传动飞溅润滑仿真研究［D］. 重庆:重庆大学，2017.
CHANG Shuai. Splash Lubrication Simulation for Planetary Transmission of the Vehicle Electric Wheel［D］. Chongqing：Chongqing University，2017.
［8］彭钱磊，桂良进，范子杰. 汽车驱动桥飞溅润滑的数值仿真［J］. 汽车工程，2016，38(12)：1500-1507.
PENG Qianlei，GUI Liangjin，FAN Zijie. Numerical Simulation of Splash Lubrication in Vehicle Drive Axle［J］. Automotive Engineering，2016，38(12)：1500-1507.
［9］孙凯，刘少军，胡小舟. 基于动网格的中减速器飞溅润滑内部流场分析［J］. 润滑与密封，2017，42(8)：131-134.
SUN Kai，LIU Shaojun，HU Xiaozhou. Analysis on Internal Flow Field of Middle Reducer Splash Lubrication Based on Dynamic Mesh［J］. Lubrication Engineering ，2017，42(8)：131-134.
［10］HU X，JIANG Y， LUO C，et al. Churning Power Losses of a Gearbox with Spiral Bevel Geared Transmission［J］. Tribology International，2019，129：398-406.
［11］LIU H，JURKSCHAT T，LOHNER T，et al. Determination of Oil Distribution and Churning Power Loss of Gearboxes by Finite Volume CFD Method［J］. Tribology International，2017，109：346-354.
［12］LIU H，ARFAOUI G，STANIC M，et al. Numerical Modelling of Oil Distribution and Churning Gear Power Losses of Gearboxes by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics［J］. Journal of Engineering Tribology，2019，233(1)：74-86.
［13］JI Z，STANIC M，HARTONO E，et al. Numerical Simulations of Oil Flow Inside a Gearbox by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Method［J］. Tribology International，2018，127：47-58.
［14］GROENENBOOM P，CARTWRIGHT B，MCG-UCKIN D，et al. Numerical Studies and Industrial Applications of the Hybrid SPH-FE Method［J］. Computers & Fluids，2019，184：40-63.
［15］皮彪，丁上，王叶枫，等. 基于MPS的某重型汽车主减速器润滑系统优化与分析［J］. 润滑与密封，2018，43(1)：98-103.
PI Biao，DING Shang，WANG Yefeng，et al. Optimization and Analysis of Main Reducer Lubrication for Heavy Vehicle［J］. Lubrication Engineering，2018，43(1)：98-103.
［16］LI Y，PI B，WANG Y F，et al. Analysis and Validation of Churning Loss of Helical Gear Based on Moving Particle Semi-implicit Method ［J］. Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2018,46(3)：368-372.
［17］KHAYYER A，GOTOH H. Enhancement of Stability and Accuracy of the Moving Particle Semi-implicit Method［J］. Journal of Computational Physics，2011，230(8)：3093-118.
［18］LIU X，MORITA K，ZHANG S. An Advanced Moving Particle Semi-implicit Method for Accurate and Stable Simulation of Incompressible Flows［J］. Computational Methods in Applied Mechanics Engineering，2018，339：467-87.
［19］尹金，汪继文. 基于MPS方法的三维水滴模拟［J］. 计算机技术与发展，2011，21(8)：82-84.
YIN Jin，WANG Jiwen. Simulation of 3D Droplet Based on MPS Method［J］. Computer Technology and Development，2011，21(8)：82-84.
［20］de MOURA C A, KUBRUSLY C S. The Courant-friedrichs-lewy (CFL) Condition:80 Years after Its Discovery［M］. Boston:Birkhauser,2013.
［21］彭钱磊，桂良进，范子杰. 基于齿面移动法的齿轮飞溅润滑性能数值分析与验证［J］. 农业工程学报，2015，31(10)：51-56.
PENG Qianlei，GUI Liangjin，FAN Zijie. Gear Splash Lubrication Numerical Simulation and Validation Based on Teeth-face-moving Method［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering，2015，31(10)：51-56.
［22］LEMFELD F，FRANA K．Study of the Geometrical Model Parameters for Simplification of Tooth System［J］. Journal of Applied Science in the Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics，2009，3(2)：1-4．
［23］CONCLI F，CONRADO E，GORLA C. Analysis of Power Losses in an Industrial Planetary Speed Reducer:Measurements and Computational Fluid Dynamics Calculations［J］. Journal of Engineering Tribology，2014，228(1)：11-21．
［24］DHAR S，RAWOOL A，RAY S，et a1. Lubricant Flow and Temperature Prediction in a Planetary Gearset［R］. Michigan:SAE International，2011.
［25］GE Y Z，LEI X M，ZHANG Y C，et al. Influence Factors and Calculating Methods for Gear Windage Power Loss［J］. Applied Mechanics & Materials，2011，86：602-605.

[1]	许翔, 张艺伦, 梅铮, 李建, 王丹, 牟连嵩. 汽车环境舱流场的数值模拟与实验研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2023, 34(17): 2115-2123.
[2]	叶绍干, 赖伟群, 侯亮, 卜祥建. 锥形缸体球面配流副润滑特性建模及试验验证[J]. 中国机械工程, 2022, 33(20): 2420-2428，2436.
[3]	刘思远1,2;王广达1,2;孙红梅3;刘建勋4;姜万录1,2. 基于润滑机理的智能液压元件本体性能预测方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2020, 31(08): 952-959.
[4]	邢雷1，2；张勇1，2；蒋明虎1，2;高扬3. 轴入式两级串联旋流器流场分析与性能评估[J]. 中国机械工程, 2018, 29(16): 1927-1935.
[5]	李婷, 马吉恩, 章禹, 方攸同. 基于CFD的磁流体轴承润滑膜特性分析[J]. 中国机械工程, 2016, 27(07): 939-944.
[6]	张国涛, 尹延国. 基于叶顶曲率半径变化的变量叶片泵叶片-定子副润滑数值分析[J]. 中国机械工程, 2015, 26(18): 2481-2485,2490.