基于NURBS曲线的超高速电梯导流罩多目标气动优化设计

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.12.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着电梯梯速的提高，轿厢受到的气动阻力和升力越来越大，这不仅制约着梯速的进一步提高，也成为影响电梯舒适性和安全性的关键因素。为优化电梯的气动性能，利用NURBS曲线构建了包括导流罩、轿厢、对重和井道的电梯系统参数化模型。以气动阻力系数Cd和气动升力系数Cl为优化目标，利用敏感性分析筛选出对优化目标影响最大的4个关键设计参数。通过网格独立性检验选取合适的仿真计算网格，为缩短计算时间，结合最优空间填充设计的样本点建立Kriging模型对导流罩进行多目标优化，得到一系列Pareto解，并对优化前后导流罩的气动性能进行了对比分析。结果表明，降低导流罩侧面和后部凸凹度，增大导流罩总高和后部高，可以改善电梯系统的气动性能,优化后导流罩的Cd减小26.67%，Cl减小34.27%，并且在不同梯速下具有较好的适用性。

关键词: 超高速电梯导流罩, NURBS曲线, 最优空间填充设计, Kriging模型, 多目标优化, 气动性能

Abstract: With the increase of elevator speed, the aerodynamic drag and lift forces of the car became more and more great, which restricted the further improvement of elevator speed, and became the key factor affecting elevator comfort and safety. In order to optimize the aerodynamic performance of the elevators, a parameterized model of the elevator systems including fairing, car, counterweight and hoistway was built using NURBS curves. Taking aerodynamic drag coefficient Cd and aerodynamic lift coefficient Cl as optimization objectives, four key design parameters with the greatest impact on optimization objectives were selected by sensitivity analysis. In order to shorten the calculation time, a Kriging model was established to carry out multi-objective optimization of the fairings by checking the independence of the grid. A series of Pareto solutions were obtained. Finally, the aerodynamic performances of the fairings before and after optimization were compared and analyzed. The results show that the aerodynamic performances of elevator systems may be improved by reducing the convexity and concavity at the side and rear of the fairings and increasing the total height and rear height of the fairings. After optimization, Cd and Cl of the fairings are reduced by 26.67% and 34.27% respectively, and they have good applicability under different ladder speeds.

Key words: ultra-high-speed elevator fairing, non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS) curve, optimal space-filling design, Kriging model, multi-objective optimization, aerodynamic performance

中图分类号:

TU857

陈西忍, 叶文华, 张朝宏, 崔坤坤, 冷晟, 叶柳康. 基于NURBS曲线的超高速电梯导流罩多目标气动优化设计[J]. 中国机械工程, 2023, 34(12): 1436-1445,1464.

CHEN Xiren, YE Wenhua, ZHANG Chaohong, CUI Kunkun, LENG Sheng, YE Liukang. NURBS Curve-based Multi-objective Aerodynamic Optimization Design for Ultra-high-speed Elevator Fairings[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(12): 1436-1445,1464.

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链接本文: http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.12.006

http://www.cmemo.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V34/I12/1436

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