Abstract: The up-to-date progress in the additive manufacturing technology has been fully reviewed in this article, and the associated opportunity & challenges were also discussed. It has been proposed that the future directions of the additive manufacturing technology should be focused on the nonequilibrium solidification of the metal printing, the novel theory development of manufacturing under extreme conditions, additive manufacturing of materials & structure in-gradient, the regeneration and functionalization of the engineered scaffolds, theory of life science etc. Constructive ideas should be encouraged, to be led by technical progress, to be driven by technological innovation, and to be targeted by the industrial development, aiming to provide the solid foundation for the innovative national construction.

Key words: additive manufacturing, technical innovation, industry development； multidisciplinary fusion

摘要： 论述了增材制造技术的国内外发展状况，分析了我国在该技术领域面临的机遇与挑战，认为未来增材制造技术应该围绕金属成形中的强非平衡态凝固学、极端条件下增材制造新机理、梯度材料、结构的增材制造机理，以及组织工程支架活化生长和功能再创的生化、生命学原理等科学问题开展研究。建立“应用发展为先导、技术创新为驱动、产业发展为目标”的研究发展思路，以推进增材制造技术的发展，为创新型国家建设提供有力支撑。

关键词: 增材制造, 技术创新, 产业发展, 多学科融合