Structural Design and Performance Analysis of Superconducting Magnetic Liquid Thrust Bearings

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.01.005

Abstract

Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency and stability of large-scale flywheel energy storage systems, a thrust bearing which consisted of 16 superconducting shoes and 8 small orifice restrictors that were composed of static pressure tiles was designed, combined with superconducting magnetic force and hydrostatic fluid force. Firstly, an analysis model was established based on superconductor local model and hydrostatic fluid equation. And then, performance indexes such as stiffness of the composite bearings were analyzed by decoupling method, and the composite bearings were optimized. The results show that the composite bearings may ensure stable suspension and maintain high rigidity, and the power loss is within the acceptable ranges.

Key words: flywheel energy storage, superconducting magnetic force, thrust bearing, hydrostatic fluid force, performance analysis, stiffness

摘要： 为提高大型飞轮储能系统的效率和稳定性，设计了一种超导磁力与静压流体力相复合、由16块超导瓦和8块带小孔节流器的静压瓦组成的推力轴承。首先基于超导体局域模型和静压流体方程建立分析模型，然后采用解耦的方法分析复合轴承的刚度等性能指标，对复合轴承进行优化。结果表明复合轴承既可以保证稳定悬浮，又能保持较大的刚度，其功率损耗也在可接受范围内。

关键词: 飞轮储能, 超导磁力, 推力轴承, 静压流体力, 性能分析, 刚度

CLC Number:

TH133.3

YAN Gang1;YUAN Xiaoyang1;CHEN Runlin2;JIA Qian1;JIN Yingze1. Structural Design and Performance Analysis of Superconducting Magnetic Liquid Thrust Bearings[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.01.005.

闫岗1;袁小阳1;陈润霖2;贾谦1;金英泽1. 超导磁液推力轴承的结构设计及性能分析[J]. 中国机械工程, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2021.01.005.

References

［1］陈海生,凌浩恕,徐玉杰.能源革命中的物理储能技术［J］.中国科学院院刊,2019,34(4):450-459.
CHEN Haisheng, LING Haoshu, XU Yujie. Physical Energy Storage Technology in the Energy Revolution［J］. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2019,34(4):450-459.
［2］贾谦,李跃宗,陈润霖, 等.面向高速工况的轴承材料成形工艺［J］.中国机械工程,2014,25(21):2860-2864.
JIA Qian, LI Yuezong, CHEN Runlin, et al. Forming Process of Bearing Materials Suitable for High-speed Bearings［J］. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(21): 2860-2864.
［3］林良真，张金龙，李传义，等．超导电性及其应用［M］．北京：北京工业大学出版社，1998．
LIN Liangzhen, ZHANG Jinlong, LI Chuanyi, et al. Superconductivity Application［M］. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology Press, 1998.
［4］BEDORZ J, MULLER K. Possible High-Tc Superconductivity in the Ba-La-Cu-O System［J］. Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter, 1986, 64(2):189-193
［5］WU M, ASHBURN J, TORNG C, et al. Superconductivity at 93 K in a New Mixed-phase Yb-Ba-Cu-O Compound System at Ambient Pressure［J］. Physical Review Letters,1987,58(9): 908-910.
［6］ZHAO Z X, CHEN L Q, YANG Q, et al. Superconductivity above Liquid Nitrogen Temperature in New Oxide Systems［J］. Science Bulletin, 1987(16): 1098-1102.
［7］BARDEEN J, COOPER L, SCHRIEFFER J. Theory of Superconductivity［J］. Physical Review, 1957, 108(5): 1175-1204.
［8］KOSHIZUKAN. R&D of Superconducting Bearing Technologies for Flywheel Energy Storage Systems ［J］. Physica C, 2006,445/448(1):1103-1108.
［9］WERFEL F, DELOR U, RIEDEL T, et al. 250 kW Flywheel with HTS Magnetic Bearing for Industrial Use［J］. Journal of Physics, 2008, 97(1):1-8.
［10］MUKOYAMA S, MATSUOKA T, FURUKAWA M, et al. Development of REBCO HTS Magnet of Magnetic Bearing for Large Capacity Flywheel Energy Storage System［J］. Physics Procedia, 2015, 65:253-256.
［11］XU J M, CHEN R L, HONG H L, et al. Static Characteristics of High-temperature Superconductor and Hydrodynamic Fluid-film Compound Bearing for Rocket Engine［J］. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016, 26(3):1-5.
［12］XU J M, YUAN X Y, ZHANG C P, et al. Dynamic Characteristics of High Temperature Superconductor and Hydrodynamic Fluid Film Compound Bearing for Rocket Engine［C］∥12th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity. Lyon, 2015: EUCAS-15_3A-LS-P-04.02.
［13］王健,戴兴建,李奕良.飞轮储能系统轴承技术研究新进展［J］.机械工程师, 2008(4): 71-73.
WANG Jian, DAI Xingjian, LI Yiliang. Progress of Bearing Technology for Flywheel Energy Storage System［J］. Mechanical Engineer, 2008(4):71-73.
［14］赵思锋,唐英伟,张建平,等. GTR飞轮储能系统特性研究［J］. 电器与能效管理技术, 2019(1):75-81.
ZHAO Sifeng, TANG Yingwei, ZHANG Jianping, et al. Study of Technical Performance for GTR Flywheel Energy Storage System［J］. Electrical & Energy Management Technology, 2019(1):75-81.
［15］祝长生,纪德志. 复合结构高温超导推力轴承的静态特性［J］. 润滑与密封,2008(7):12-15.
ZHU Changsheng, JI Dezhi. Static Behavior of a Complex High Temperature Superconductor Thrust Bearings［J］. Lubrication Engineering, 2008(7): 12-15.
［16］王建磊,王晓虎,张琛,等.机械密封润滑膜分布的超声检测技术［J］.中国机械工程,2019,30(6):684-689.
WANG Jianlei, WANG Xiaohu, ZHANG Chen, et al. Distribution Detection Method of Film Thickness in Mechanical Seal Based on Ultrasonic Principle［J］. China Mechanical Engineering, 2019,30(6):684-689.
［17］张国渊. 高速涡轮泵低黏度介质润滑特性及转子稳定性研究［D］. 西安:西安交通大学,2009.
ZHANG Guoyuan. Research on the Low Viscosity Lubricating Performance and Rotor System Stability of High-Speed Turbopumps［D］. Xian: Xian Jiaotong University, 2009.
［18］BEAN C P. Magnetization of High-field Superconductors［J］. Reviews of Modern Physics, 1964, 36:31-39.

[1]	HU Bo, AN Jinyun, YIN Lairong, ZHOU Changjiang. Calculation Method of Time-varying Meshing Stiffness of Small Module Gear Transmissions [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 35(01): 74-82.
[2]	CHEN Guangyu, WENG Zhiwei, ZHANG Song, . Static Stiffness Analysis of Double-nut Ball Screws Considering Dimensional Errors and Radial Loads [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(24): 2952-2962.
[3]	HAO Zhuangzhuang, ZHANG Qingchun, HU Yunbo, GUO Yibin, WANG Donghua, LI Wanyou. Research on Influences of Tooth Friction and Geometric Eccentricity Errors on Mesh Stiffness of Profile Shifted Spur Gear Pairs [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(23): 2812-2823.
[4]	SHEN Huiping, LI XiaLI Ju, LI Tao, MENG Qingmei, WU Guanglei. Effect of Constrained or Unconstrained Branches on Kinematics and Stiffness Performance of PMs —Design，Analysis and Optimization of Two Novel Three-translation PMs with Partial Motion Decoupling Being Examples#br# [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(13): 1533-1549.
[5]	DU Zhongqiu, SHEN Huiping, MENG Qingmei, LI Tao, YANG Tingli. Design and Performance Analysis of 8R Two-translational Spatial Parallel Mechanism with Motion Decoupling and Symbolic Positive Solutions [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(12): 1425-1435.
[6]	CHEN Xin, LIU Jiangnan, LONG Wangpeng, LYU Jianwen. Modelling and Analysis of Multiple-cross-springs Flexure Pivots with Arc Curved Beams [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(03): 269-276，286.
[7]	LIANG Zhiqiang, SHI Guihong, DU Yuchao, YE Yuling, JI Yongjian, CHEN Sichen, QIU Tianyang, LIU Zhibing, ZHOU Tianfeng, WANG Xibin. Research on Tool Tip Frequency Response Prediction of Robot Milling Systems Considering Characteristics of Spindle-toolholder Interface [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(01): 2-9.
[8]	YIN Haibin, TAO Jian, LI Qian, ZHOU Jia, . Analysis on Grasping Ability for a Soft Robotic Hand with Structural Decoupling of Actuator and Variable Stiffness Mechanisms [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(01): 27-35.
[9]	ZHAO Leilei, YU Yuewei, CAO Jianhu, GAO Shangpeng, ZHOU Changcheng, YUAN Jian. Characteristics Analysis and Parameters Matching of a Novel Seat with Quasi-zero-stiffness Nonlinear Suspension [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(01): 36-46.
[10]	PAN Bo, KANG Renke, HE Zengxu, LI Kailong, ZHANG Yunfei, HUANG Wen, GUO Jiang. Investigation of Deformation Mechanism and Suppression Method of Weak Stiffness Components by Magnetorheological Finishing [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(18): 2190-2196.
[11]	LI Lunxu, CHEN Guo, YANG Mohan. Simulation Analysis and Experimental Study of Stiffness Characteristics of Aero-engine Spline Couplings [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(18): 2249-2257.
[12]	MENG Zong, LI Jiasong, PAN Zuozhou, PANG Xiushen, CUI Lingli, FAN Fengjie. Influences of Crack Faults on TVMS of Gear Teeth [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(16): 1897-1905，1911.
[13]	YANG Jing, ZHANG Xiaojian, WU YiYE Songtao, YAN Sijie, LU Jialin. Posture Optimization Based on Stiffness Orientation Method for Industrial Robotic Milling [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(16): 1957-1964.
[14]	XIE Zhijiang, CHENG Qing, DING Jun, HE Miao, FAN Naiji, WU Xiaoyong. Dimensional Design and Performance Analysis of a 6-DOF Parallel Manipulator with Two Limbs [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(14): 1680-1690.
[15]	WANG Yixi, SHEN Huiping, CHEN Pu, WU Guanglei. Three-level Orderly Proceeding Optimization Design and Its Applications for Parallel Mechanisms Based on Kinematics，Stiffness and Dynamics [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(13): 1560-1575,1621.