Abstract: PMT was the core component of neutrino detection. It was arranged to work in deep water environments and withstand high hydrostatic pressure. If a PMT breaks and implosions, it would cause the surrounding PMT to burst. For this problem, a kind of PMT detonation defensive equipment was designed, and the detonation tests of PMT with defensive equipment were carried out. During the tests, image acquisitions and measurements of shock wave data of PMT implosion with defensive equipment were completed, and the mechanism of PMT implosion with defensive equipment was analyzed. Results show that the defensive equipment persist for about 400 ms to cause the overall damages after detonating the PMT, and the PMT detonation does not occur. The failure mode of defensive equipment is different from that of PMT. After broken, the defensive equipment becomes a large piece of debris, which reduces the inrush velocity of the water current and implosion energy. The implosion shock peak value of the PMT with defensive equipment is equal to 1/20 that of the bare PMT, and the pulse width is equal to 1/2 that of the bare PMT. These prove that the defensive equipment may effectively reduce the intensity of PMT implosion shock wave, and provide a reference for the design of PMT detonation defensive equipment.

Key words: photomultiplier tube（PMT）, implosion shock wave, detonation defense, detonation test

摘要： 光电倍增管（PMT）是中微子探测的核心部件，排列在深水环境中工作，承受高静水压力，若一只PMT破碎发生内爆，将会引发周围的PMT发生殉爆。针对PMT殉爆问题，设计了一种PMT殉爆防护装置，开展了带防护装置PMT的殉爆试验；在试验过程中完成带防护装置PMT内爆现象的图像采集、冲击波数据的测量，分析了带防护装置PMT的内爆机理。试验结果表明：引爆PMT破碎后防护装置坚持了约400 ms发生整体破坏，殉爆PMT未发生破坏。防护装置的破坏模式与PMT不同，破碎后成大块碎片，减小了水流内涌速度和内爆能量。带防护装置PMT的内爆冲击波峰值是裸PMT内爆峰值的1/20，脉宽是其1/2，证明了防护装置能有效减小PMT内爆冲击波强度，为PMT殉爆防护装置的设计提供参考。

关键词: 光电倍增管, 内爆冲击波, 殉爆防护, 殉爆试验