Research on Characteristics of Multi-mode Composite Energy Harvesters Based on Rail Vibration Absorber

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2022.06.006

Abstract

Abstract: In view of the low efficiency of rail vibration energy harvesters, a composite vibration absorber was designed herein, which made rail vibration absorber coupled with multi-mode piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite energy harvesters. On the premise of effectively reducing the vibration of wheel rail systems, the new device might collect rail vibration energy and power trackside equipment with low energy consumption. A friction coupling vibration model of wheel-rail-composite vibration absorber systems was established. The correctness of the model was verified by comparing with the field measured data. Based on this vibration model, the influences of multi-mode composite energy harvesting modules on vibration characteristics of wheel-rail systems were analyzed. And the power generation performance of the device was studied by using sequential coupling method and parametric analysis method. Analysis results show that the vibration intensity of wheel-rail systems may be reduced effectively by the composite vibration absorber. In the range of 0~600 Hz，the frequency band of vibration energy harvesting may be broaden effectively by the multi-mode piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite energy harvesting modules, and the energy harvesting efficiency is improved. The maximum output power reaches 8.78 mW. The energy harvesting efficiency may be improved by adjusting the structural parameters of energy harvesting modules and improving the strain energy of cantilever beams.

Key words: rail vibration absorber, vibration energy, energy harvester, power generation, frequency band

摘要： 针对现有的轨道振动俘能器效率低的问题，设计了一种钢轨吸振器和多模态压电电磁复合式俘能器结合的复合吸振器，在有效减轻轮轨系统振动的前提下回收振动能量，为低能耗轨旁设备供电。建立了车轮钢轨复合吸振器系统的摩擦耦合振动模型，与现场实测数据进行对比验证了模型的正确性。在此基础上，分析了多模态复合式俘能模块对轮轨系统振动特性的影响。使用顺序耦合与参数化分析方法，研究了其发电性能。分析结果表明，复合吸振器能有效降低轮轨系统的振动强度，集成的多模态压电电磁复合式俘能模块能有效拓宽0~600 Hz范围内振动能量的俘能频带，提高俘能效率，最大输出功率达8.78 mW。通过调节俘能模块的结构参数，提高悬臂梁的应变能，能进一步提高俘能效率。

关键词: 钢轨吸振器, 振动能量, 俘能器, 发电, 频带

CLC Number:

U231

QIAN Weiji , YONG Shengjie. Research on Characteristics of Multi-mode Composite Energy Harvesters Based on Rail Vibration Absorber[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 33(06): 672-682.

钱韦吉, 雍胜杰. 基于钢轨吸振器的多模态复合式俘能器性能研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2022, 33(06): 672-682.

References

［1］热合曼·艾比布力, 胡英杰, 王同东,等. 微悬臂梁结构的谐振式MEMS黏度传感器［J］. 仪表技术与传感器,2015,27 (5):8-10.
HEBIBUL Rahman, HU Yingjie, WANG Tongdong, et al. Resonant MEMS Viscosity Sensor of Micro Cantilever Beam Structure［J］. Instrument Technique and Sensor, 2015, 27(5):8-10.
［2］陈国良, 李飞, 张言哲. 一种基于自适应波峰检测的MEMS计步算法［J］. 中国惯性技术学报, 2015, 23(3):315-321.
CHEN Guoliang, LI Fei, ZHANG Yanzhe. Pedometer Method Based on Adaptive Peak Detection Algorithm［J］. Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology 2015, 23(3):315-321.
［3］杨沥, 袁天辰,杨俭,等.两自由度压电式轨道振动能量采集器［J］.上海工程技术大学学报,2019,33（3）:226-331.
YANG Li, YUAN Tianchen, YANG Jian, et al. Two-degree of Freedom Piezoelectric Track Vibration Energy Harvester［J］. Journal of Shanghai University of Engineering Science,2019,33(3):226-331.
［4］张梅. 轨道扣件处振动能量收集装置研究［D］.杭州:杭州电子科技大学，2019.
ZHANG Mei. Research on the Track Vibration Energy Harvester Based on Magnetostrictive Material［D］. Hangzhou:Hangzhou Dianzi University,2019.
［5］POURGHODRAT A, NELSON C A, HANSEN S E, et al. Power Harvesting Systems Design for Railroad Safety［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit，2014，228(5):504-521.
［6］QIAN W J, WU Y F, CHEN G X, et al. Experimental and Numerical Studies of the Effects of a Rail Vibration Absorber on Suppressing Short Pitch Rail Corrugation［J］. Journal of Vibroengineering，2016,18(2):1133-1144.
［7］CROFT B E, JONES C J C, THOMPSON D J, et al. Modelling the Effect of Rail Dampers on Wheel-rail Interaction Forces and Rail Roughness Growth Rates［J］. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2009, 323(9):17-32.
［8］CORREIAD S, BARBOSA J. Track-ground Vibrations Induced by Railway Traffic:Experimental Validation of a 3D Numerical Model［J］. Soil Dynamics & Earthquake Engineering,2017, 97(5):324-344.
［9］WU B W, CHEN G X, KANG X,et al. Study on the Origin of Rail Corrugation at a Long Downhill Braking Section Based on Friction-excited Oscillation［J］. Tribology Transactions, 2020, 63(3):439-452.
［10］陈光雄,戴焕云,曾京,等.车轮双侧踏面制动尖叫噪声和颤振的有限元分析［J］.工程力学，2009,26(4):234-239.
CHEN Guangxiong, DAI Huanyun, ZENG Jing, et al. A Finite Element Analysis of the Squeal and Chatter Propensity for a Double Pads-wheel Brake System［J］.Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(4):234-239.
［11］崔晓璐,钱韦吉,张青,等.直线线路科隆蛋扣件地段钢轨波磨成因的理论研究［J］.振动与冲击,2016,35(13):114-118.
CUI Xiaolu, QIAN Weiji, ZHANG Qing, et al. Forming Mechanism of Rail Corrugation of a Straight Track Section Supported by Cologne-egg Fasteners［J］. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2016,35(13):114-118.
［12］陈光雄,钱韦吉,莫继良,等.轮轨摩擦自激振动引起小半径曲线钢轨波磨的瞬态力学［J］.机械工程学报，2014,50(9):72-79.
CHEN Guangxiong, QIAN Weiji, MO Jiliang, et al. A Transient Dynamics Study on Wear-type Rail Corrugation on a Tight Curve［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2014,50(9):72-79.
［13］RAHMAN M F A, KOK S L, RUSLAN E, et al. Comparison Study between Four Poles and Two Poles Magnets Structure in the Hybrid Vibration Energy Harvester［C］∥2013 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Developement Research and Development. Putrajaya, 2013:7002576.
［14］LI P, GAO S, CAI H, et al. Modeling and Analysis of Hybrid Piezoelectric and Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting from Random Vibrations［J］. Microsystem Technologies, 2015,21(2):401-414.
［15］张雷.多模态压电-电磁复合俘能器技术研究［D］.哈尔滨:哈尔滨大学，2017.
ZHANG Lei. Research on Multi-mode Piezoelectric Electromagnetic Hybrid Energy Harvester Technology［D］. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2017.
［16］QIN Q H. 压电材料高等力学（英文版）［M］. 北京：高等教育出版社，2012:332.
QIN Q H. Advanced Mechanics of Piezoelectricity［M］. Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2012:332.
［17］吕辉,于德介,谢展,等.基于响应面法的汽车盘式制动器稳定性优化设计［J］.机械工程学报,2013,49(9):55-60.
LYU Hui, YU Dejie, XIE Zhan, et al. Optimization of Vehicle Disc Brakes Stability Based on Response Surface Method［J］. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(9):55-60.
［18］CHEN G X, ZHANG S, WU B W, et al. Field Measurement and Model Prediction of Rail Corrugation［J］. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2020,234(4):381-392.
［19］WANG D W, MO J L, WANG X F. Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting via Friction-induced Vibration［J］.Energy Conversion and Management,2018,171(1):1134-1149.
［20］唐冶,王涛,丁千.主动控制压电旋转悬臂梁的参数振动稳定性分析［J］.力学学报,2019,51(6):1872-1881.
TANG Ye, WANG Tao, DING Qian. Stability Analysis on Parametric Vibration of Piezoelectric Rotating Cantilever Beam with Active Control［J］. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 2019,51(6):1872-1881.

[1]	KAN Junwu, WU Yaqi, ZHANG Zhonghua, HE Hengqian, MENG Fanxu. Research on Torsional Multi-directional Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesters [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 34(04): 440-445.
[2]	ZHANG Zhonghua, CHAI Junling, KAN Junwu, LIN Shijie, WANG Shuyun, HUANG Leshuai. Modeling and Tests for Magnetically Coupled Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesters Using a Single Magnet [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 32(19): 2288-2293，2304.
[3]	KAN Junwu;HE Hengqian;WANG Shuyun;LIAO Weilin;ZHANG Zhonghua;CHEN Song;WU Yaqi. Rotary Magnet-coupled Generator with Frequency Adjustment Using Extensions of a Piezoelectric Simply-supported Beam [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 30(23): 2857-2862.
[4]	YAN Xinping1,2,3;WANG Jiawei1;SUN Yuwei1,2,3;YUAN Chengqing1,2,3;TANG Xujing1,2,3;GENG Haipeng4. Review on sCO2 Brayton Cycle Power Generation Technology Based on Ship Waste Heat Recovery Utilization [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 30(08): 939-946.
[5]	FANG Zifan1，2，3;GE Xufu3;HE Kongde1，2，3;MA Zengwu3;FANG Jing2. Design and Research on Pendulum Power Generation Devices for UUVs [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 29(19): 2306-2311.
[6]	AI Chao1,2;ZHANG Liang2;CHEN Lijuan2;KONG Xiangdong1,2. Control Method of LVRT for Hydraulic Wind Turbines Based on Pressure Feedback [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 28(13): 1542-1547,1553.
[7]	YANG Binqiang, XU Wentan, LU Guoli, WANG Guangqing. Distributed Parameter Model and Experiments of a Broadband Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2017, 28(02): 127-134.
[8]	Kong Xiangdong, Song Yu, Ai Chao, Wang Jing, . Grid Connected Control in Fixed Displacement Pump-Parallel Variable Motor of Main Transmission System in Wind Turbine [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 26(16): 2215-2221.
[9]	Yao Bingmeng, Liu Zhiping, Li Wenfeng. Design of Vibration Energy Harvester Based on Bistability [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 26(13): 1736-1741.
[10]	Li Hui, Sun Wei, Xu Kai, Han Qingkai. Damping Characteristics of Thin Cantilever Plate Structure Identified by Frequency Bandwidth Method of Base Excitation [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(16): 2173-2177,2183.
[11]	Kong Xiangdong, Ai Chao, Yan Guishan, Lou Xiaoxiang. Research on Control Method of Low Voltage Ride Through for Hydraulic Wind Turbine [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(16): 2137-2143.
[12]	Zhou Anmei, Yu Dejie, Liu Jian, Li Rong. Maintenance Optimization for Wind Power Generation Equipment Based on Ontology and FTF [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 25(13): 1748-1754.
[13]	WANG Guang-Qiang, BAO Feng, LIU Ti-Meng. Modeling and Simulation Analysis for a L-shaped Wideband Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 24(14): 1933-1938.
[14]	YANG Jun, ZHANG Li-Ping. Varying Load Incentive Dynamics Model and Response Characteristic of Planetary Gear System of Wind Turbine [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 24(13): 1783-1788,1795.
[15]	WANG Jing-1, 2, CHEN Te-Fang-1, HUANG Cai-Lun-2. Research on Diagnosis Method to Train's Vibration Frequency Band-varying Fault Based on Uniform Angle Sampling [J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2012, 23(16): 1957-1961.