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Table of Content

    25 February 2008, Volume 19 Issue 4
    Research on Steady Warp Tension Control System on a Loom Based on Fuzzy Expert Control
    Wu Feiqing;Ma Xiushui;Guan Hongwei ;Liu Qing
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    Keeping the steady warp tension of loom is a key for a loom.The paper analyzed the present existing insufficiency of control method about electric let-off, and brought forward the control method based on fuzzy expert system to optimize the parameters of loom and realize the steady warp tension control.Then ordinary PID algorithm and fuzzy expert PID algorithm were simulated under the condition of step signal,
    the simulation result shows that fuzzy expert PID algorithm has small overshoot, fast response,high precision and so on.Finally the algorithm was tested on the rapier loom,
    the result indicates that warp tension which has better control precision is cyclical fluctuation(range about ±08%) when the overall system is stable,it shows that the control method is feasible,and meets the needs of actual production.

    Study on Simulation Experiment of Vibrational Equilibrium of Rotary Piston Vacuum Pump
    Cao Wengang
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    According to the condition of vibrational equilibrium,
    a method for improving the pump’s inner structure and stationing a certain counter weight was adopted and the vibrational equilibrium condition of rotary piston pump was realized.The vibrational state of the improved pump was compared with the
    original one by the simulation experiments.
    Investigation of simulation experiment of vibrational equilibrium of rotary piston
    vacuum pump can guide to design the rotary piston vacuum pump and lessen the vibration produced by the inertia force.

    Design and Study on Magnetic Absorbing Machine of Underwater Robot for Cleaning Hull
    Yuan Fucai,;Lu Nianli;Qu Xiuquan
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    A magnetic absorbing machine of underwater ship hull surface cleaning robot was innovated for obtaining better performance of the robot’s absorbing
    and moving function.According to its special working way and its unusual working conditions,the everlasting magnetic absorbing machine was designed by analyzing proper magnetic circuit material and magnetic circuit type.The influence of gag bit, yoking iron,copper blocks and sea water on the magnetic absorbability had been analysed through an experiment.The experiment conducted has clearly demonstrated that the absorbability of the machine is up to the requirements of the design.It is perfectly adaptable to the movement on the ship hull.

    Finite Element Analysis on the Low Frequency Vibration of Drum Brake
    Zhou Minggang,;Huang Qibai;Wang Yong
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    Based on the analysis of drum brake mechanism,
    regarding the drum brake on a commercial car as prototype,the drum brake low frequency vibration finite element model was presented.The characteristic of low frequency vibration in the course of applying brake was analyzed.The results from finite element
    analysis and prototype tests show that the different kind of results is similar.

    Multi-objective Fuzzy Reliability Optimal Design of Differential Planet Transmission Mechanism for Heave Compensation System
    Xu Xiaojun;Chen Xun;Shang Jianzhong;He Ping
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    Fuzzy reliability was applied to the optimization design of the differential planet transmission mechanism for heave compensation.Mathematical model of
    the fuzzy reliability optimal design was established with minimizing volume,minimizing radial
    dimension,maximizing efficiency,minimizing temperature of bearing for planet gear,
    minimizing film thickness ratio of external mesh,minimizing teeth bottom and maximizing
    gliding ratio of external mesh.Fuzzy decision-making method dealing with multi-objective
    optimal problem and hybrid discrete variables was studied based on genetic algorithm.
    The method of solving multi-objective optimal problem was given.
    Analysis and computation were made due to the examples.With respect to comparability
    and analysis,it draws a conclusion that fuzzy reliability optimal design is more practical
    to engineering problems.

    Coupled Vibration of Piping System Conveying Unsteady Flow
    Yang Chao,;Yi Menglin;Li Baoren
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    A set of coupled nonlinear partial differential
    equations of motion for the piping system conveying unsteady flowing fluid were developed through the continuity and momentum equations of unsteady flow based on Timoshenko beam theory.The partial differential equations were fully coupled through the equilibriums of contact forces, the normal compatibility of velocity at the fluid-pipe interface,and the conservation of mass and momentum of the transient fluid.The coupling included
    friction coupling of pipe wall to fluid,
    coupling of axial to transverse vibration,Poisson coupling of radial to axial vibration.A slightly-simple model was derived based on present model,and the four-equation model of extension water-hammer applied to predict the phenomenon of fluid-structure interaction(FSI) of piping conveying fluid was derived by further simplification of the present model.Comparisons between simulations and results of a test from literature show that the slightly-simple model reflects the coupling influence better than the four-equation model.

    Integrateral Sliding Mode Variable Structure Controller Design for Stewart Platform Based on Fuzzy Tuning
    Xu Dongguang;Wu Bo;Wu Shenglin;Tang Jianlin
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    This paper presented a integrateral sliding mode
    variable structure controller based on fuzzy tuning method for solving Stewart platform load coupling among channels,parameters uncertainty and strong disturbance.
    Simulation demonstrates this method is of strong robustness against a large range of parameter variations and restraining load disturbance and improving the tracking performance.

    Optimization of Tool Geometry and Cutting Parameters Based on a Predictive Model of Cutting Force
    Pan Yongzhi;Ai Xing;Tang Zhitao;Zhao Jun
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    :During the high-speed milling operations of aeronautical aluminum alloy using solid carbide end mills,helical angle,axial and radial depth-of-cut have significant effects on the milling uniformity.A predictive model of cutting force was developed by using a full-factorial experimental design and multi-linear regression technology.The variance analyses were applied to check the adequacy of the cutting force model and the significances of independent input parameters.Genetic algorithm was utilized to optimize the
    tool geometry and cutting parameters by means of a series of operations of selection,crossover and mutation based on genetics.The result shows that it is possible to select optimum axial depth-of-cut, radial depth-of-cut and helical angle for obtaining minimum cutting
    force and reasonably good metal removal rate.

    Application of Semantic Web Services in Business Collaboration and Supply Chain Integration
    Song Tingxin,;Huang Biqing;Xiong Jianmin;Wei Chunmei
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    In service-oriented architecture,since Web services have no semantic features,it is difficult for supply chains to implement automatic composition of business process.By introducing resource ontology,an integration framework based on semantic Web services for supply chain collaboration was present,and process of semantic Web services and automatic matching arithmetic for web services composition were discussed. As an example,the method for automatic composition of a business collaboration flow in logistic shipping service was given out.The results show that semantic Web services have an advantage of agile composing flows in supply chain integration.

    Algorithm Based on Scanning Step for Finding All k Nearest Neighbors of Scattered Points
    Liu Dafeng;Dai Ning;Sun Quanping;Liao Wenhe
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    A novel algorithm based on scanning step d for speeding up the process to find the all k nearest neighbors of scattered points was presented.
    According to 3D scanning principle and data structure of scattered points,
    the algorithm combined scanning density ρ and measurement precision δ, and gave the critical searching radii r of scattered points data,wihch consumedly
    reduced the searching range of the all k nearest neighbors of scattered points data. The searching radii  r of scattered points can be flexibly adjusted to satisfy the demand of different values k,and the all k nearest neighbors of scattered points can be optimally achieved.

    Numerical Simulation of Involute Spline Shaft’s Cold-rolling Forming Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA
    Quan Jianhui;Cui Fengkui;Yang Jianxi;Xu Hongyu;Xue Yujun
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    By using explicit central difference algorithm and finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, the numerical simulation of involute spline shaft’s cold-rolling forming was realized.According to the calculated result, the metal flowing law,von
    Mises stress and the formed outer diameter of involute spline were forecasted; also the errors between the simulation result and the object dentiform of involute spline were analyzed. All these will provide quantitative basis for improving design and promote the study of involute spline shaft’s cold-rolling forming mechanism. 

    Shape Modification of Doo-Sabin Subdivision Surfaces with Geometric Constraints
    Li Tao;Zhou Laishui;Gu Buyun
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    The constraints of points, normal vectors and local isoparametric curves on Doo-Sabin subdivision surfaces, which were converted into those on control vertices to be adjusted, were specified via setting up local coordinate systems. A linear system was obtained and the shape of Doo-Sabin subdivision surfaces can be modified with various geometric constraints. By minimizing the variation of control net and optimizing the membrane energy, two methods were presented, which can be solved explicitly with pseudo-inverse matrices. Both methods are invertible, commutative and associative, which facilitates practical manipulation and control.

    Vision Based High Precision Positioning of Chips in Thermosonic Flip-chip Bonding
    Zhou Haibo〓Deng Hua〓Duan Ji’an 
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    A vision based chip positioning system was built for the self-developed thermosonic flip-chip bonding machine that consisted of a vision system and motion platforms. The chip position was given by the vision system and the motion platform was controlled by PID controller. Experimental results show that precision positioning between the chip and the substrate can be achieved by using the designed vision based positioning system.

    Design and Kinematical Analysis of a Novel Translational Parallel Mechanism with 3-CRP Limbs
    Zhang Yanbin,;Wu Xin;Liu Hongzhao;Zhang Minghong
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    A novel three-dimensional translational parallel mechanism,which consisted of a moving platform connecting with a fixed base by 3-CRP orthogonal limbs,was presented.The degree of freedom of the mechanism
    was analyzed and computed based on screw theory.The direct and the inverse solutions, singularities and isotropy of the mechanism were investigated respectively in terms of different actuated inputs,i.e., rotary actuation or
    linear actuation method. When the actuated joint was rotary actuation, kinematic Jacobian matrix of the manipulator was a diagonal matrix.So it was an uncoupled mechanism.
    As the actuated joint was linear one,Jacobian matrix of the manipulator was an identity 3×3 matrix and its determinant was equal to one. Manipulator,therefore,was singularity-free fully-isotropic
    throughout the entire workspace.Thus the mechanism performs very well with regard to motion and force transmission and has higher practical values.

    On the Model and Pressure Simulation of Solid-fluid Two Phase Flow for Abrasive Flow Machining
    Tan Yuanqiang;Li Yi;Sheng Yong
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    By the CFD(computational fluid dynamics) software FLUENT, the abrasive flow shape during abrasive flow machining(AFM) was simulated by the Spalart-Allmaras model which
    is a Mixture turbulent flow model for solid-fluid two phase flow system.The simulation results show that the increase of pressure difference between exit and entrance of the abrasive cavity will improve the fluid speed, and increase the speed difference between the boundary layer and the wall. It will improve the AFM efficiency.Compared with the steady flow field,in the unsteady flow field which is caused by changing the entrance pressure,the AFM efficiency is higher because the abrasive distribution near to the wall is larger.In addition,the results also show that the viscosity of the abrasive media has a great influent on abrasive flow machining.The results can offer a valuable reference for parameter selection during abrasive flow machining.

    Study on Contact Reliability of Micro Magnetic Acceleration 
    Switch Based on Full Factorial Experimental Method
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    A dynamics model of a novel micro acceleration switch of permanent magnetic force was established.The equations of the permanent magnetic forces and the contact forces between the mass and the conductors were presented.The variation of the magnetic forces and the contact forces in the working process were simulated with
    the 4th order Runge-Kutta method.The range analysis and the variance analysis
    were given based on the simulation results of the contact forces.The breadth of the
    cantilevers,the mass in the micro switch,and the volume of the permanent magnet
    were
    selected as the major process parameters and 27 acceleration switches with every kind of combinations of the process parameters were designed firstly based on the full factorial
    experimental method.The results reveal that the impact sequence of the three major structure parameters from high to low is as the volume of the permanent magnet,the cantilever breadth and the mass.The best combination of the process parameters is W3m3V1 in which the mass is of 2.00g, the cantilever breadth of 0.7mm and the permanent magnet volume of 5.38mm3.With 99% confidence,the cantilever breadth W,
    the permanent magnet volume V and the mass m have effects on the contact reliability.

    Analysis of Contact Fatigue Damage Mechanism for Sleeve of Oil-film Bearing in Rolling Mill
    Li Huijian;Shen Guangxian;Huang Qingxue
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    This paper presented the mechanism of fretting fatigue failure that happened on the contact surfaces between sleeve and roll neck of oil-film bearing under the
    rolling load.Based on the analysis of distribution characteristics of the oil-film pressure,
    the contact stress concentration and the micro-slip distribution regularity at the edge of the contact zone were given by the finite element method, and the reasons for the fretting
    fatigue failure developed on the contact surfaces between sleeve and roll neck with interference fit were illustrated.By an equivalent principle of the local stress fields derived from
    the classical analysis for sharp-edged contact problem and the crack-tip fields obtained according to the fracture mechanics methods, the mechanics condition of the fatigue crack initiation and propagation occurred from the corrosive pitting was analyzed.The result was also certified by the practical damage state and simulation test.

    Self-adjustable Structural Design and Practice of Self-adaptive Stopper
    Luo Jinliang,;Huang Maolin;Wen Qun;He Zhen
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    Based on the analysis of functional structure of a stopper,overconstraints were analyzed by various functional structures in different working stages,according to the self-adaptive structural characteristics of variable structure, variable freedom
    and internal force closure of stopper.The principle and method of designing self-adjustable structure of multi-link self-adaptive mechanism with variable structure and variable
    freedom were presented,which contained force-closure and high-pair.
    The crucial conclusion that the self-adjustable structure in self-adaptive mechanism
    can adjust itself by its internal error,and by environmental changes.It is reasonable and
    effective in its application in engineering.Engineering practical value of self-adaptive structure of mechanism and great prospect is proofed thoroughly.

    Surface Texture Optimal Design for Silicon Carbide under Water Lubrication
    Wang Xiaolei;Han Wenfei;Kato Koji
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    Surface texturing was used to increase the load carrying capacity of silicon carbide sliding in water.A surface texture pattern,which combined two kind of dimples, was proposed to increase the load carrying capacity by improving both hydrodynamic effect and running process of contacting surfaces.The patterns of dimples with dimension of 350μm, 40μm, and their mixtures were fabricated;tribological experiments were carried out; and the load at which friction coefficient increases rapidly was used as the index to evaluate the load carrying capacity of each surface.The results show that the surface with the texture pattern combined with the two kind of dimples has obviously higher load carrying capacity compared to the others.

    Research on Concurrent Design of Geometry with Material for Heterogeneous
    Objects
    Ren Li;Yang Rui;Guo Dongming
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    For solving the coupling of geometry with material
    in the design of heterogeneous objects,a concurrent design method for geometry with material based on the method of feasible direction(MFD) and genetic algorithm(GA) was proposed.The geometrical features were expressed by the coordinates of a set of key points and fictitious nodes were introduced so that material features could be denoted for the changing of modeling.A concurrent optimization model of geometry and material for the heterogeneous objects was presented.During the process of optimal design,the coordinates’ increments of key points can be calculated by MFD while volume fractions’ increments of ficitious nodes are obtained through GA.Thus,the optimum solution of geometric shape and material distribution can be obtained by alternatively utilizing of the
    two algorithms.An isothermal heat utensil made of ZrO2 and Ni is designed using this method.Finite element method(FEM) was utilized to perform the simulation and analysis
    of the utesil’s temperature field and stress field.The optimal results are verified by ANSYS software,which show the method proposed is of good
    effectiveness and engineering applicability. 

    Kinematics Analysis in Radial/axial Ring Rolling
    Liu Dong;Wan Ziyong;Fu Mingjie;Zhang Hua
    2008, 19(4):  0-387. 
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    The relationship of radial and axial feed distribution for the radial/axial
    rolling process of ring with rectangle cross-section was established according to the
    rolling curve.By employing the principle of volume incompressible, the kinematics equations
    for the radial/axial ring rolling process were developed to improve the precision and efficiency of the existing formula.To verify the proposed kinematics equations,the ring rolling experiments were carried outcorrespondingly.The calculation results agreed very well with the experimental data,which indicates that the developed equations can accurately describe the kinematics of radial-axial ring rolling.

    Study on Electric Power Steering Characteristics and Matching with the Whole Vehicle
    Chen Long;Mao Jianwei;Jiang Haobin;Zhao Jingbo 
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    The structure and dynamics characteristics of an electric power steering system(EPS) was analyzed, and a 3 DOFs linear mathematical model of vehicle combined with EPS was set up. The objective current of EPS assisted
    motor under any driving conditions was determined by ANFIS, and tracked by using adaptive single neuron PID controller. The ANFIS was trained by the data collected from the specially designed test bed. On the basis of simulation analysis, the matching relationship between EPS and the whole vehicle was studied,and the design rules of key parameters of EPS were investigated.The results provide the optimization design foundation on the
    EPS structure and controller.

    Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth Life of 2024 Aluminum Alloy Based on the Plastic Energy
    Zhang Li;Liu Wenjing;Cheng Jin;Fu Delong
    2008, 19(4):  0-401. 
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    The total plastic strain energy of a stationary crack per cycle
    was calculated through 2-D elastic plastic finite element analysis under constant amplitude fatigue loading,and the nonlinear relation of total plastic strain energy with stress intensity factor
    range was obtained. With the energy balance concept,the relation between the crack growth rate and the total plastic strain energy per cycle was established. So a prediction
    model of fatigue crack growth life based on the total plastic energy was proposed,and the predictions of the model are in good agreement with the experimental results of the center-crack
    panel.

    Study on SBC Optimum Slip Based on Variable Pavement
    Sun Renyun,;Li Zhi
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    The control based on slip plays an important part in the
    automobile sensotronic brake control(SBC) to realize quickly respond and to improve braking performance in variable pavements. The optimum slips of different pavements were
    determined by using current brake force
    coefficient and method of searching optimum slip by step for the pavements to grade. The fuzzy controller was designed and the computer simulation was fulfilled for one pavement and different pavements. The results show that this method has excellent adaptability for changes of the optimum slip and the peak adhesion coefficient because of automobile speed and pavement varying. And calculation amount to determine optimum slip is small. It has better accuracy and in real-time.

    Model of Intelligent Vehicle Cruise and Hardware-in-the-loop Test
    Shi Shaoyou;Gao Feng;Shi Ke
    2008, 19(4):  0-401. 
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    Neuro-Fuzzy model of intelligent vehicle cruise was built in the way of soft

    computation. The model included two inputs and one output .The inputs were relative velocity and relative distance between the leading car and the following one, the output was the journey of gas pedal or brake pedal. To acquire data of training and simulaton, test of inter-vehicle following was carried out. Inter-vehicle distance and relative velocity were obtained by GPS and wireless bluetooth module.The CANFIS model was trained by
    experimental data and the vehicle-to-vehicle distance controller was designed.Fianally the hardware-in-the-loop test was made to validate the model.It makes it clear that the built model is rational between the simulation and test and indicates nonlinear feature of vehicle.

    Analyses on the Factors of Reduction of Anti Rolling or Pitching for Amphibious
    Vehicle
    and Research on Improvement Methods
    Song Guixia;Zhao Youqun
    2008, 19(4):  0-465. 
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    In order to reduce vortex
    loss of amphibious vehicle wheels when it was running in water,the function
    of wheels’deploying and retracting was improved,suspension anchor points were lowered to extend space when wheels were retracted.Front suspension and vehicle performance were simulated by ADAMS/CAR in the case that
    suspension anchor points were lowered,the cause why the anti-roll capacity
    of vehicle degraded were analyzed.Helix spring stiffness and diameter of
    anti-roll bar were increased to improve heeling angle stiffness and longitudinal stiffness of suspensions,accordingly to improve anti-roll capacity of ameliorative vehicle.The simulation result shows that ameliorative vehicle has under steer characteristics,and well riding.

    State of the Arts and Latest Research on Incremental Sheet NC Forming Technology
    Mo Jianhua;Han Fei
    2008, 19(4):  0-401. 
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    Incremental sheet NC forming(ISF) is a new technology for
    flexible process that has sprung up in the world used in metal sheet manufacturing.
    This paper introduced the principles,characteristics and the process of ISF.Then,the literature on ISF was analysed,process planning and tool-path optimization,the formability of sheet metal,numerical simulation on the forming process,dimensional
    precision were introduced
    in details.The current applications and equipment for the technique at home and
    abroad were illustrated.In addition, the trends of study of ISF theory were expected and some important problems left to be solved were suggested. 

    Research Progresses on Electro-chemical Mechanical Planarization(ECMP) in the Fabrication of Integrated Circuit Wafers
    Zhai Wenjie;Liang Yingchun
    2008, 19(4):  0-503. 
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    Low-k/Cu Damascene interconnects integration
    technology provides the direction as well as the challenges in the fabrication of integrated circuits(IC) wafers.These challenges arise primarily from the
    mechanical fragility of such dielectrics,which may not withstand the force applied during chemical mechanical planarization(CMP).As an extension of conventional CMP technology,the recently invented electro-chemical mechanical planarization (ECMP) bears an obvious compensating advantage over CMP,potentially allows low down-pressure planarization of newer interconnect structures containing easily breakable porous dielectrics.
    Comparison was made between the ECMP and CMP,and the current state and progress trend of the ECMP research was reviewed.Tribo-electrochemistry theory
    was thought to be underlying foundation of ECMP technology.And the mechanisms of material removal and super-smooth surface formation during ECMP process can only be revealed by investigating in detail the interactions among the applied voltage,
    friction and wear,and chemical reaction in the process.

    Research on Feature Similarity-based Fixture Variant Design Method
    Liu Jinshan; Liao Wenhe; Liu Changyi; Guo Yu
    2008, 19(4):  379-384. 
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    Aiming at the low level of automation of case retrieval in case-based design,the variant
    design used in case-based fixture design was studied in detail.To fit the variant design of fixture,the feature socket model of fixture was presented based on the full-information
    of fixture parts.Based on this model,feature based fixture automotive variant design
    was realized based on geometry reasoning.In this process,the similarity of
    feature was compared and constraints was solved.The automotive reuse of
    cases can be realized by the method that explores a new way for automotive design of fixture. 