China Mechanical Engineering

Importance Analysis Method of Fuzzy Fault Tree Based on T-S Model

TAO Cheng-Yu-1, ZHANG Ying-Yi-1, WANG Xu-Feng-2, CHEN Dong-Ning-3

2011, 22(11): 1261-1268.

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The component importance based on Boolean logic gates, which needed to know exactly the relationships among the components, and could not take into account the influences of all states and components interrelations on the reliability of multi-state system. Therefore, it is proved that an analysis method of fuzzy fault tree based on T-S model is feasible by giving the T-S rules of conventional binary and multi-state logic gates. Further, this paper extended the component importance analysis method of conventional fault tree to fuzzy fault tree based on T-S model. The concept and calculation method of T-S importance were presented, including T-S structural, probability and criticality importance. Finally, an example of fuzzy fault tree analysis based on T-S model and importance computation of hydraulic system were given for illustration.

Research on Intelligent Monitoring Technique of Machining State for Surface Grinder Based on Bayesian Network

LIN Feng-1, JIAO Hui-Feng-2, FU Jian-Zhong-2

2011, 22(11): 1269-1273.

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In order to solve the problem of predicting workpiece quality and identifying blunt level of wheel in surface grinding, a Bayesian network model for monitoring grinding states of surface grinder was set up. The model can realize predict workpiece quality and identify blunt level of wheel by detecting kurtosis of acoustic emission with known grinding parameters and workpiece material. The results provide reference for NC system to optimize parameters. The technique obtains good effect by experiments on CNC surface grinder.

Study on Influences of Marble Machine Tool Bed on Distribution of Temperature Fields of the Headstock

XU Hong-Wei, ZHANG An-Feng, HUANG Yu-Mei, CHEN Qiang-Chao

2011, 22(11): 1274-1278.

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Through experiments of thermal transferring between 45 steel specimen and marble specimen, and between 45 steel specimen and HT250 iron specimen, the data of transient-state and steady-state temperature field distribution were obtained. The experimental data were then analyzed, and the corresponding contact thermal resistance under different loads were computed and analyzed. As a result, the influence of marble machine tool bed on the temperature field distribution of the headstock were checked and clarified. The results of this study will provide a good advice for the design of NC machine tool whose bed is made of marble. 

Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Study of Lead-in Device for Underwater Bolt Group Connection

WANG Li-Quan-1, WANG Cai-Dong-1, DIAO Dong-Yan-2, CAO Wei-2, GUO Jun-Hui-1

2011, 22(11): 1278-1283.

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To solve the problem of 20 bolts synchronous lead-in nuts for underwater petroleum pipeline flange connection tool,a bolt lead-in device was designed according to the operational requirements of underwater pipeline flange connection tool. By setting the spring, nylon jacket and rubber support ring, bolt can be reliablly lead-in the nut. For the underwater environment, the mathematical model of collision that the bolt lead-in the nut was set up. The multi-body dynamics model of bolt lead-in device system was built by ADAMS, and the speed and displacement curve of nut was gained by the study of its operating process dynamics simulation. The results provide basis for actual motion control. Through the collision simulation analysis, bolt and nut impact force curves and the spring deformation curves were obtained. The experiment of bolt lead-in device test prototype was carried on. The experimental results show that the bolt can lead-in the nut successfully, and verify the reasonableness of bolt lead-in device mechanism design.

Transient Test and Estimation of Mechanical Properties of Tiny Rotary Type of Ultrasonic Motor

CHEN Ru-Juan, CHEN Chao, SONG Xiao-Gang

2011, 22(11): 1284-1288.

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One novel kind of tiny TRUM with the diameter of 10mm was presented and manufactured.For the prototype has the millisecond level response characteristics and small output torque,the load capacity of

the tiny type TRUM can be obtained by analyzing the transient dynamics.By the signal acquisition system composed of optical encoders,NI acquisition card and virtual instrument software,the transient characteristics experiment of the prototype was conducted to acquire

its speed,startup and shutdown time.The measured data was analyzed to calculate the torque characteristics of the prototype.Finally,the proposed method is validated by comparing the calculated results with the experimental data of the dynamometer.

Development of a Miniature Resistance Strain Three Dimensional Force Sensor

TUN Jiang, SHU Zhi-Wei, JI Ai-Gong, DAI Zhen-Dong

2011, 22(11): 1288-1293.

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The paper developed a miniature three dimensions force sensor of resistance strain type. It used strain gauge as sensing element for the detection of force. The elastomers were composed with central and additional elastomers. Central elastomer having some cutting slots was joined physically with additional elastomer adhering to resistance strain. The displacement variables of elastomers were translated into dependent variable of strain type. It was analyzed based on different decoupling capabilities of the elastomers under different static forces by ANSYS simulator. Experimental results have indicated three dimensional force sensor has desirable sensitivity and can remove coupling in different dimensions.

Analysis of Hydraulic Servo Control System for a Coal Gas Recollection in Converter

LI Xin-Wei, LIU Yu, BAI,FENG,DENG Xiao-Lin

2011, 22(11): 1294-1297.

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The control principle and system performance of hydraulic servo control system for a coal gas recollection from convert was analyzed herein,and a mathematical model of the hydraulic servo control system for RSW was established. In view of coal gas recollection in 120 tons converter, the simulation was finished to forecast the dynamic performance and stable precision of RSW.The simulation and experimental results prove that the simulation model satisfies the requirements,which provide the theoretical foundation of design and maintenance for hydraulic servo control system of RSW.

Kinematic Analysis of Multi-link High-speed Presses

LU Xin-Jian-1, SHU Sai-Hong-1, HE Guang-Jun-2, JI E-2, ZHANG Ying-1

2011, 22(11): 1297-1301.

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A multi-link high-speed press kinematics equations was established,and the results of kinematic analysis were also obtained.The results show that:this kind of multi-link high-speed press has the characteristics of small velocity and acceleration near the BDC.And these characteristics are help to reduce the noise generated during blanking and vibration, to improve the accuracy of BDC.

Study on On-line Measurement Method of Fatigue Crack Length Based on Camera Automatically Tracking and Positioning

ZHOU Jian-Hang, GAO Gong-Li, JI Zi-Cheng, JIAN Hua-Rong

2011, 22(11): 1302-1306,1336.

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A new crack on-line measurement method based on the image processing technology and the automatically tracking camera was presented herein in order to improve the crack length measurement precision when the fatigue crack kept growing, which included the crack image processing algorithms and camera tracking and positioning movement control. The crack length measurement errors based on the camera tracking method and fixed camera method are 0.076mm and 0.148mm respectively. The experimental results show that this method has improved the crack length measurement precision greatly.

Study on Service Scheduling in Mould Manufacturing Grid Based on Genetic Algorithm

WANG Yi-1, 2, WANG Zong-Zhong-2, CHEN Qiang-Xin-2, MAO Ning-2

2011, 22(11): 1307-1311,1317.

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In accordance with the actual demands of a manufacturing project, taking into account of the material flows, the service scheduling problem under the manufacturing grid environment was studied, and a two-stage service scheduling method was put forward. First, the search for candidate service node sets for each task in the project was carried out based on the task time windows. Then, given the obtained candidate service node sets, a genetic algorithm was used to schedule the services. In the genetic algorithm, the chromosome coding method was based on the service node. And the algorithms for the operations of creating, selecting, crossing, and mutating of chromosomes were designed carefully. In the end, the effectiveness of the algorithm was verified with an example of a simple mould project.

Multiplicative-preference-information Based Method for Analyzing Customer Requirements in House of Quality

LI Yan-Lai-1, LUO Xin-Gang-1, HAN Yi-2

2011, 22(11): 1312-1317.

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For achieving the improvement goals of the satisfactions of CRs in an effective and economic way, a method for determining the synthesis IRs of CRs in PPHOQ was proposed based on multiplicative preference information (MPI). According to the competitive evaluations of CRs’ satisfactions and the MPI of the products of a company and its competitors, a model for determining the competitive IRs of CRs corresponding to every customer was built by using the principle of minimized deviations, and this model was resolved by using Lagrange function, and then the competitive IRs of CRs in the PPHOQ were determined. Secondly, based on the integration of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and scale method, the satisfaction elevation rating (SER) of a CR for the company improved product was determined. Lastly, based on the combination of the basis IR, the competitive IR, and the SER of every CR, the synthesis IRs of CRs were determined by AHP. A case study of a color TV in a corporation was provided to illustrate the application of the proposed method.

Energy Flow Model and Analysis Method for Ceramic Enterprises

DAO Xue-Fei, YIN Jiu, CAO Hua-Jun, LIU Fei

2011, 22(11): 1318-1322.

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A three-link energy structural model for ceramic manufacturing systems was constructed to describe the energy consumption processes. To illustrate the dispersion characteristics of energy consumption in ceramic enterprises, the energy flow diagram was drawn based on the analysis of energy consumption of each production process. An analysis model of energy utilization for the ceramic production equipment was proposed for the energy consumption assessment. Finally, the energy-saving strategies for ceramic enterprises were studied and summarized by the applications of above models and methods.

Chaos Characteristics of Reciprocating Membrane Pump’s Faults Based on Wavelet Packets Analysis

SHI Li-Chen, DUAN Zhi-Shan

2011, 22(11): 1323-1326.

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The chaos characteristics of the reciprocating membrane pump’s typical faults were studied with wavelet packet technology. The largest Lyapunov exponents of different status were calculated. A new parameter, the relative growth rate of the largest Lyapunove exponent, was set up.The results show that,the system has different largest Lyapunov exponents when wearing places are different.Wearing faults’ characteristic frequency bands are high frequency ones, while the pressure’s are low and middle frequency ones. 

Reconfigurable CNC System with Functions of State Monitoring and Intelligent Maintenance on Machine Based on Networks

WANG Ta-Yong-1, DING Pan-Yu-1, HAN Zhi-Guo-2, LIU Zhen-Zhong-1, SHAO Meng-Kun-1

2011, 22(11): 1327-1332.

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A monitoring CNC system based on networks was designed. Based on the comprehensive planning of function module of the CNC system, a four-layer open architecture reference model was proposed,which met demands of the structural adjustment and follow-up extension. To satisfy the multifucntion integration of CNC system ,machine tool state monitoring,taking the real-time processing quality and avoiding the twice fixturing, the prototype of CNC system based on embedded monitor unit was studied and constructed. Analyzing the situation of machine tool state monitoring,furthermore,the embedded monitor unit model was set up by the structure of DSP (digital signal processing）and ARM（advanced RISC machines）.The unit,by which the state of machine tools can be accessed,connected with CNC system through a bus and can be reconfigured for the target changing or to meet different demands;Using the open architecture, quality testing unit was embedded to get the geometry information of the part on machine.It provides a feasible program of tool maintenance and multifunction integration.

Modeling of PSO_LSSVM-based Soft Measurement for Electromotor Torque in a Pumping Unit

CHEN Zhen, HUANG An-Yi

2011, 22(11): 1333-1336.

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A new model of the torque soft measurement method was presented based on PSO_LSSVM.This method used particle swarm optimization algorithm to replace the previous cross-validation method for model parameter’s optimization, in order to avoid the blindness of the parameter choices and improve efficiency.It is verified by simulation, the soft measurement model for torque of pumping unit based on PSO_LSSVM can effectively address the deficiencies of traditional measurement methods and obtain better measurement accuracy and speed , possessing benefits of an outstanding ability for small-sample study and being easy to compute. 

Analysis of Cathodes Movement Path with Constant Tangential Velocity in ECM of Blisk Twisty Tunnel

XU Qiang, SHU Di, XU Zheng-Yang, QU Ning-Song

2011, 22(11): 1337-1340,1351.

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For guaranteeing the stability of blisk twisty tunnel in ECM, a process mode was presented,where the tangential velocity of cathode relative to workpiece kept steady in the whole process. A mathematics model of the movement of cathode and workpiece was established,and the velocity matching mode of cathode and workpiece was analyzed. Keeping the unidirectional speed of cathode steady in the whole process, the machining gap and current fluctuate dramatically，which will lead to the process is unstably and the machining accuracy decreases in certain extent. That the tangential velocity of cathode relative to workpiece maintains constant contributes the machining gap keeps identical in the whole process and ECM of blisk twisty tunnel is carried out smoothly. For conforming the rationality of the movement mode，the experimental investigations were carried out. The results show that the short circuit happens with the same linear speed. However, the process finished stably with the constant tangential velocity and the machining accuracy is better than that with the former mode. 

Analysis and Evaluation of Form Inheritance in Configuration Design of Brand Products

GAO Zhu-1, 2, JI Xiao-Min-1, GUO Hun-2, SHI Li-2

2011, 22(11): 1341-1346.

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A new concept, product configuration design “inheritance degree” was proposed,analyzed and constructed rationally the basic thoughts of product configuration inheritance, based on principles of kansei engineering to ensure the criteria of inheritance from quantizing design semantics.A method of evaluation and optimization of the morphological criteria was put forward.The research provides the theoretical basis of the generation of concepts for designers to exploit brand products and lays a theoretical foundation for the development of brand product configuration design of auxiliary system.

A Novel Quality Loss Cost Model for Product Tolerance Design

DIAO Yan-Meng, LIU De-Shun, XU Xiao-Yan, ZHANG Dun

2011, 22(11): 1347-1351.

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Based on AHP, a novel quality loss cost model was developed for product tolerance design, which overcome drawbacks of the conventional Taguchi method. Using AHP, the relationships among part tolerance, quality characteristics and product quality were analyzed, and the weights of part tolerance to product quality were determined. A sectionalized normal quality loss function that described the impacts of part tolerance on quality loss cost was introduced, which is practical and universal. Finally, the novel quality loss cost model was illustrated by a micro-motor example. 

Simulation of Dynamics of a Mobile 2-link Flexible Manipulator Based on Finite Element Method

YANG Yu-Wei, DIAO Xin-Hua, WANG Shou-Jun, XU Jin-You, CHEN Wei

2011, 22(11): 1352-1357.

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This paper concentrated on the kinematics and dynamics modeling of a mobile 2-link flexible manipulator(M2LFM), which consisted of a mobile base with a 2-DOF linear elastic-damping suspension system and a flexible manipulator and was considered to travel with a constant linear speed over an irregular ground-surface. Based on Lagrange and Newton-Ouler theories,the system dynamics model of the M2LFM in which the reference motion and the elastic deformation were coupled was derived using the finite element method and intermediated element coordinate systems and floating frame of reference formulation which can lead to zero strains,and was compactly described with matrices and vectors measured with respect to a gobal Cartesian frame of reference.At last, the numerical simulations were carried out to the forward dynamics model of a M2LFM and a rigid-flexible one and a rigid one,respectively.These simulation results illustrate these effects of dynamic couplings and elastic vibration on system by comparion.

A Multi-objective Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Method Based on Integrating Linear Physical Programming and Bi-level Integrated System Synthesis

DAO You-Rui-1, HAN Xu-2, JIANG Chao-2, LIU Ying-Chun-1

2011, 22(11): 1357-1361.

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We present a novel method to deal with multi-objective multidisciplinary design optimization by integrating linear physical programming with bi-level integrated system synthesis. At first, designers decided to which criterion class the objectives belong, and choose the range targets for every objective. Then the multi-objective problem was converted to single-objective problem with -constraint method. Bi-level integrated system synthesis was used to solve the multidisciplinary design optimization problem. All design schemes were evaluated by linear physical programming and the optimum design scheme can be obtained. A speed reducer model was investigated to demonstrate the performance of the presented method. The optimal design scheme can be obtained from five design schemes. The volume and stress of the optimal design scheme are in the tolerable range. The presented method can be applied in the engineering problems.

Evaluation of Motorcycle Ride Comfort Based on Speed and Frequency Weighting

JU Chi-Gong, DAN Xiao-Hui, SHI Quan, HAO Jian-Jun

2011, 22(11): 1362-1365.

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A relation between motorcycle response and speed was analyzed herein, then through lots of tests, the statistic distributions of speed when motorcycle ran on gravel and concrete road were developed. And a new evaluation method of motorcycle ride comfort based on speed and frequency weighting was put forward, and the ride comfort of selected 125 motorcycle was tested and evaluated. The results show that speed and frequency weighting RMS of acceleration is the synthetically reflection to frequency weighting RMS of acceleration at different speeds, which has universality and practical value.

Controller Order-reduction for Full-vehicle Active Suspension System Based on Frequency-weighting Method

HUANG Chang-Chi, HONG Hong-Bei

2011, 22(11): 1366-1369.

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A dynamics model for a full-vehicle active suspension system with 7 degree-of-freedom was built. Considering the factors of high-frequency dynamic uncertainties and human’s sensitive frequency ranges to vibration, a weighted H∞ controller for the generalized suspension system was designed to restrain the road disturbances. Frequency-weighted coprime factorization based controller reduction method was utilized to reduce the order of the obtained high-order controller. Through ride comfort performance comparision and frequency-domain simulation analyses, the research results demonstrate that the order of high-order controller can be reduced significantly, and the reduced-order suspension closed-loop control system can obtain the similar control performance with the full-order one.

Research View of Galfenol Alloy Applications

CHEN Ding-Fang-1, LEI Quan-Guo-2, MEI Jie-1, SHU Liang-1, LIU Kun-1

2011, 22(11): 1370-1378.

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Galfenol(Fe-Ga) is a kind of new-type magnetostrictive functional materials, with the advantages of machinability. The performances of Galfenol alloy were introduced simply herein. Based on the comprehensive analysis of its constitutive nonlinearities, the 1-D modeling method of magnetic isotropy which was widely used at present cannot describe the magnetostrictive deformation behavior of Galfenol completely. So, the modeling method considering magnetic anisotropy of material was necessary. The applications of Galfenol alloy including micro actuator, micro sensor, micro vibration and micro motor were introduced in details. As the machinability of Galfenol became more mature, different shapes which were satisfied with different micro devices can be designed and manufactured. According to the above suggestions, the Galfenol alloy will be of practicality.

Current Status of Control Research on NC Machine Transmission Components

FAN Da-Feng, FAN Shi-Xun, LU E-Fei, ZHANG Lian-Chao

2011, 22(11): 1378-1385.

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Numerical control work tables and tool servos are the key transmission components of advanced NC machines. Current status of research on the modeling and control of NC work tables and tool servos were reviewed herein, which included dynamic behavior analysis method and control design method of ball-screw driven servomechanism, advanced controller design techniques for direct drive, novel techniques in coarse/fine dual stage drive and transmission design and intelligent tool servos design. For each field, the development history was reviewed, main contributions were surveyed, basic design principles were summarized, and the problems which required further investigation were discussed, respectively. 

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