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Table of Content

    10 September 2011, Volume 22 Issue 17
    Research on Rapid Construction Method of Kinematics Coordinate System from a New Kind of Mobile Robot
    SONG Meng-Jun, ZHANG Meng-Lu, ZHANG Jian-Hua
    2011, 22(17):  2017-2021. 
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    A redundant coordinate system was proposed firstly,and the details about how to construct the redundant coordinate system and how to use the redundant coordinate system were listed effectively, and the results of the analysis process were simulated.The simulated results suggest that the method used above is efficient and correct.To study how to solve the serial robot kinematics quickly, the kinematics coordinate system was transformed by Y axis, and the computed results show that transforming the kinematics coordinate system by Y axis can solve the kinematic model quickly and efficiently. The computed results suggest that constructing the redundant coordinate system and transforming the kinematics coordinate system by Y axis can solve the serial robotic kinematics efficiently.
    Curvature Fitting and Changing-TCpoints Based 4-Axis Grinding Algorithm
    MAO Lei-1, HE Wei-2, ZHOU Ji-1, JIA An-Jin-2, HU Xu-Xiao-1, ZHOU Zhe-Beng-2
    2011, 22(17):  2022-2026. 
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    Aiming to the local interferences when grinding a curved surface in 4-axis CNC grinder, a method of interference detection and elimination was proposed based on an arcs surface grinding wheel. Through the analysis of interferences,firstly the optimum relative wheel-pivot was determined to avoid the undercutting according to the fitting requirements of curvature. Then the appropriate tool contact point (TCpoint) was found on the basis of the normal vector of grinding contact points (GCpoints),so that the axial interference is eliminated. Finally,a grinding simulation system was developed with UG OPEN API. The results indicate that surface errors are less than 0.05mm. 
    Research and Development of a Non-contact Measuring Dynamic Differential Magneto-elastic Effect Torque Sensor with a Supporting Ring
    DAN Yan-Beng, ZHOU Qiang-Gui, CANG Yong
    2011, 22(17):  2026-2030. 
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    To improve the precision and sensitivity of dynamic torque non-contact measurement, a differential torque sensor based on magneto-elastic effect of the amorphous alloy, and with a supporting ring was discussed. The principles and structure of the sensor were presented, and its output characteristic equation was derived. By experiments, the effects of the gap between the sensor probe and the shaft surface on sensor outputs were analyzed, and the best gap rang was got. A contrast analysis on the measurement accuracy and sensitivity was made in both testing cases of with and without an amorphous alloy thin strips on the shaft surfaces. Experimental results show that maximum no-linear error is 2.14% F·S, maximum repeatability error 1.54% F·S, the maximum sensitivity of 2.09mV/(N·m).
    Influences of High-low Blade on Performance of Vortex Pumps
    WANG Xiu-Li-1, SHU Rong-Sheng-1, SHU Zhi-Jun-2, SU Bao-Wen-1
    2011, 22(17):  2030-2033. 
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    A 3-D model of an internal flow channel was constructed. Using the SIMPLEC algorithm, which was based on Reynolds time-averaged equations and two-equation turbulent flow model, the 3-D incompressible internal turbulent flow field of vortex pump was simulated numerically and the distribution of total pressure in the pump was obtained. Through comparion of the simulated results of three kind blades that were different in height, it is found that the high-low blade can improve the performance of vortex pump.The results show that the experiment has proved the correctness of simulation result. The high-low blade can reduce hydraulic loss and increase the head and efficiency. The hydraulic performance is the best when two blades of symmetric distribution are high than others and efficiency is enhanced nearly 3%.
    Contact Pressure Calculation and Analysis of Roller Bearings in Skewing Condition
    LI Wei-Wei-1, CHEN Xiao-Yang-1, CHEN Xue-Jin-1, ZHANG Xiao-Ling-2
    2011, 22(17):  2034-2039. 
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    A contact model between roller and race under skewing condition was established based on elastic contact theory, and the contact problem was calculated by making computer program. The precision of program results was proved by
    Hertz results and FEA results. It concludes via analyzing contact pressure distributions of different skewing angles,loads and race radii that skewing phenomenon will come out, i.e. contact pressure increases in the middle part, but decreases at the end when roller contacts with the inner race. However, contact pressure decreases in the middle part, but increases at the end when roller contacts with out race. The skewing phenomenon gradually augments with skewing angel increasing, load decreasing and race radius decreasing.
    Robot Calibration Simulation Based on Planar Precision
    DONG Hui-Ying-1, LI Wen-An-2
    2011, 22(17):  2039-2042. 
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    A new simple and inexpensive, robot calibration method based on planar constraint was presented. The process restricted the robot moving on a plane in the robot’s workspace. The actuators remembered the angle information of each joint, when the robot moved on the plane, so, the complex measurement procedure was avoided. The paper established the evaluation function, which demonstrated fitness degree of the robot’s positon and orientation to the plane. Besides,it deduced the Jacobin function coresponding to the specified parameters. In the end, a two link robot was established based on the MATLAB robot toolbox, simulation method was adopted to testify the method. The simulation results illustrate that the definite positioning precision of the robot’s endpoint is up to 50 times.
    Modeling of Soft Tissue Cutting Process
    HU Zhong-Wei-1, ZHANG Bi-2
    2011, 22(17):  2043-2047,2060. 
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    A novel tissue cutting apparatus was designed and fabricated, which was capable of setting up for different initial holding forces and tissue holding distances. Porcine aorta selected as a representative soft tissue was used in our cutting experiments. The measured force-displacement curves for all cases exhibit a characteristic pattern: a typical J-shaped curve is obtained before the blade cut into the tissue, once the blade breaks into the surface of the tissue, the cutting force suddenly reduces while crack is created and propagated quickly, then consequently the cutting force remains low and fluctuates. The tissue cutting process over one complete cutting cycle can be divided into three phases: deformation phase, rupture phase and cutting phase. Based on the energy balance in cutting process, the energy conversions were analyzed for each phase. The cutting force was modeled based on the energy balance. An exponential function was used to fit the cutting force in the deformation phase. The cutting force in rupture phase shows a linear decrease in a short time. The cutting force obtained with the model fits the experimental force curve well, which justifies the cutting force model.
    Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Permutation Flow Shop Scheduling Problem
    LIU Min, ZHANG Chao-Yong, ZHANG Guo-Jun, SUN Yi
    2011, 22(17):  2048-2053. 
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    This paper proposesed a hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm for the minimization of makespan in permutation flow shop scheduling problems which combined particle swarm optimization algorithm with variable neighborhood search algorithm.The initial population was generated by the NEH constructive heuristic to enhance the quality of the initial solutions. A heuristic rule called the ranked order value(ROV) borrowed from the random key representation was developed, which applied the continuous particle swarm optimization algorithm to all classes of sequencing problems. A variable neighborhood search algorithm based on neighborhood structures was proposed to improve the quality of the hybrid algorithm. Finally the proposed algorithm is tested on a set of standard instances taken from the literature provided by Taillard and Watson et al, and compared with other approaches. The computation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
    Modeling of Multi-agent Business Management and Decision-making System for Finishing Workshop
    SHAO Jing-Feng-1, WANG Jin-Fu-1, MA Xiao-Gong-2, DANG Jin-Fang-3, LIN Ke-Jian-3
    2011, 22(17):  2054-2060. 
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    To solve the backward status of finishing workshop in the textile factory, which included inefficiency of the management work, the complexity of the business process, and the isolation of the business data, as well as the management functions of the original DOS system cannot meet the management requirements, through using multi-agent technology, the existed production management model was optimized, and a multi-agent business management structure model was proposed. Then, a flexible, dynamic, efficient collaboration management platform was formed, which was for production management and decision analysis. Meanwhile, the core management functions, working principle and message communication flow of multi-agent were introduced, and a multi-agent business management system was developed for finishing workshop. As proved in practice, multi-agent operational management model has enhanced the interactivity both the user and the system, met the management requirements of the intelligent decision-making, the personalized service and others, furthermore, the business management system based on multi-agent has achieved the heterogeneous integration of business data, and promoted the information development of production management of the textile enterprises.
    Improved PSO for Multi-objective Copper Roll Production Scheduling
    ZHANG Jian-Jun, BANG E-Li, ZHANG,LI,LIU Xiao-Beng
    2011, 22(17):  2061-2066. 
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    Based on multi-objective copper roll production scheduling problem, an improved adaptive PSO algorithm was proposed. The external population was retained based on individuals’ crowding distance sorting so that the whole particle swarm avoided local optimum. The global optimum was updated based on the probability of individuals’ crowding distance and the local optimum was updated based on dominance relationship between each particle location and its old optimum, while the population diversity was preserved with adaptive dynamic inertia weight and the adaptive adjustment of internal population size which was based on the number of non-dominated solutions and single point crossover strategy. Finally, the application results show that the algorithm is effective.
    Research on Part Family Architecture Model Based on Tree Constraints
    XIONG Ben-Fan, WANG Wei, LIU Qing-Hua, MO Li
    2011, 22(17):  2067-2070,2075. 
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    To ensure the quality of structure design and efficient configuration of mechanical products, a part family architecture model based on hierarchy tree constraints was proposed. In this model, the part family properties domain and assembly structure domain in product were expressed in parametric methods.The members of part family depend on the values of part family characteristic parameters.Finally,the model was illustrated with the example of a bridge crane part family modeling. 
    Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Inception in Engine Orifice
    WO Heng-Zhou-1, TAO Zhi-Hua-1, ZHANG E-Fang-2, WANG Guo-Feng-1, XU Yu-Fu-1, HU Xian-Guo-1
    2011, 22(17):  2071-2075. 
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    This paper investigated the effects of fluid characteristics and orifice geometry on cavitation inception in orifice. A full cavitation model was implemented in case of the fluids with different properties (viscosity, vapor pressure and surface tension) and the orifice with different geometries (inlet radius and length-to-radius (L/d) ratio). The formation and development of cavitation inside the orifice were analyzed quantitatively based on both parameters of critical cavitation pressure and critical cavitation number. According to the numerical simulation, it is revealed that the critical cavitation pressure increases with the increase of fluid viscosity and the decrease of vapor pressure of fluid. But the surface tension of fluid has not relative with cavitation inception. The critical cavitation pressure also increases with inlet radius and length-to-radius ratio. In case of fluids with same viscosity and same orifice, the critical cavitation number has little variation, though the critical cavitation pressure would change with variation of vapor pressure of fluids. Both of critical cavitation pressure and critical cavitation number change from the variations of frictional loss between the wall and fluids, flow direction due to different geometries of orifice; and from the continuity variation in-side fluids due to the variation of fluid properties.
    Numerical Simulation of Hydrodynamic Coefficients of Crane Ship Based on CFD
    HUANG Chang-Jing, WANG Hua-Lin, HU Xu-Jin
    2011, 22(17):  2076-2079. 
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    In order to estimate the added mass and damping of a crane ship, the numerical simulation of the heave, sway and roll motion of the ship was performed based on CFD theory. The sliding faces and the mixed grid approach were used herein. A hydrostatic roll experiment of ship model was carried out. Comparing the experimental measurement with numerical results, the feasibility of CFD simulation used to predict the hydrodynamic coefficients of the crane ship is demonstrated.
    Bearing Multi-fault Diagnosis Based on Improved Template Denoising Source Separation
    CHEN Xiao-Li-1, WANG Zhong-Sheng-1, JIANG Hong-Kai-1, WANG Feng-2
    2011, 22(17):  2080-2084. 
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    Processing noise improperly or the number of sensors less than the numner of faults may lead to failure of multi-fault diagnosis based on source separation.Improved template denoising source separation was proposed and used to diagnose multi-fault of bearings.Shift independent component analysis was carried out first and the independent components obtained were used as templates to the template denoising source separation algorithm.The proposed method can separate source signals through underdetermined source under reverberant environments and diagnose multi-fault of bearings.The effectiveness was verified by both simulated and experimental anlysis.
    Experimental Research on Jet Electrodeposited Porous Nickel
    CHEN Jin-Song-1, HUANG Yin-Hui-2, TIAN Zong-Jun-2, LIU Zhi-Dong-2
    2011, 22(17):  2084-2087. 
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    A new nickel foam preparation method-jet electrodeposition was presented. This method was based on principle of high current density easily built porous dendrite deposition layer, the examples with simple sharp were prepared. Effects of the relevant process parameters such as electrolyte composition, current density and electrolyte jet speed on microstructure of the sample were studied. The results indicate that hole wall in porous electrodeposition layer is constituted by dendrite. the porosity of examples ranges from 30%~70%. the porosity of porous nickel increases with increasing in current density and decreasing in electrolyte jet speed.
    Frequency Characteristics Based on Acoustic Near Film
    GU Bing, CHEN Chao, DIAO Chun-Sheng
    2011, 22(17):  2088-2092. 
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    A set of coupled-differential equations of circle stator and squeeze film were achieved based on acoustic near film. The normalized gas motion equation was solved by asymptotic matching methods to the extent that pressure analytic expression in the squeeze film was achieved. On account of the circular structures, this expression was substituted into the stator equation, which was solved in turn using a new formation of triangular unconventional plate element (TRUNC element) for the structural mode shapes and present the final expressions for the pressure distributions and modal shape of the bending vibration. At last, the frequency characteristics under the different depths of squeeze film were analyzed, which proves that driving frequencies of the stator increase with weight of levitated plate. However, this effect decreases when the order of driving frequencies become higher. The test results herein will guide the theoretical and experimental researches and lay the foundation for controlling the lift force in further.
    Study and Application of Measurement Theory for Piezoelectric Quartz Based on Crystalline Deformation
    GAO Chang-Yin-1, TUN Xiao-Ling-2, JIAN Min-3
    2011, 22(17):  2092-2096. 
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    The piezoelectric effects based on crystalline deformation (namely the torsional effect and the bending effect) were introduced and analyzed herein. Firstly, the theoretical researches on the torsional effect and bending effect were represented, and the bound charge and the polarization electric field under the bending moment and torque were given. Then according to the theoretical researches, a new type of micro-graving actuator, torque sensor and drilling dynamometer were elaborated. Undoubtedly, the exploration and development of the piezoelectric effects based on the crystalline deformation will advance and improve the piezoelectricity, and provide theoretical foundation for engineering applications.
    A Two-stage Multi-objective Intelligent Optimization Algorithm for Single Platform Based Product Family Design
    WANG Ke-Chi-1, YUAN Ji-Jun-2, CHEN Wei-Min-1, QUAN Chun-Guang-1
    2011, 22(17):  2097-2103. 
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    According to analyses of multi-objective optimization problem for single platform based product family,a two-stage method for the optimization problem of product family was proposed. Based on the model of the optimization problem of single platform product family, an optimization model and the procedure to solve this model, CDSMOGA(crowding distance sorting multi-objective genetic algorithm) was given. The simulation experiments also show that the results obtained from platform variables values without setting in advance during the process of corresponding algorithm running are better than that of platform variables values setting in advance. However, the former has a higher computational complexity.
    Design of Tool Path Planning of Robotic Spray Painting and Its Experiments
    CHEN Wei-1, 2, DIAO De-An-1, LIANG Shen-2
    2011, 22(17):  2104-2108. 
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    A complex curved surface was divided into several patches and the trajectory planning for each patch was performed. A quadratic function of the paint deposition rate on a plane was proposed according to the experimental data, and a model of paint deposition rate was established.The trajectory integration problem can be modeled as the tool trajectory optimal integration, and a particle swarm optimization was advanced to solve the trajectory integration problem. Finally, the simulation and experimental results illustrate the feasibility and availability of these optimization algorithms. 
    Study on Micro Forward Extrusion of Zr-based Bulk Metallic Glass in Supercooled Liquid Region
    WANG Yi, ZHENG Zhi-Tian, LI Jian-Jun
    2011, 22(17):  2108-2112. 
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     In order to study the influence of specimen dimension and extruded die length on micro forward extrusion processing of Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk metallic glass in the supercooled liquid region, micro forward extrusion experiments with different specimen sizes using different extruded dies were proceeded, and the characteristic of material flow in different conditions were obtained. The results indicate that, the forward extrusion is feasible for Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 bulk metallic glass at temperature 450 and strain rate 0.001~0.01s-1. Also, with the decrease of specimen size, the unit pressure of upper die and the swell ratio of specimen increase and the tendency of forming load changes. At last, when the specimen is extruded in a short die, the unit pressure and swell ratio are both larger than those of which is extruded in a long die.
    Research on a New Kind of Vascular Micro-robot
    TANG Yong-1, LIANG Liang-1, CHEN Bai-2, SHU Zong-Ming-1
    2011, 22(17):  2113-2117. 
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    A new type of spiral micro-robot was proposed,which can be used in blood vessels of a human body. Taking the advantages of the different rotative directions in the right about inner and outer screws and its high speed of rotation in the liquid, this type of robot was able to move quickly in suspension. The driving force of the robot and the impact pressure of the blood vessel were calculated when the robot moved in the speed of 20mm/s, under environments imitating the pulsating flow of the aorta. Moreover, the influences of blood parameters on the driving force of the robot and the impact pressure of the blood vessel were analyzed. The results show that when the blood viscosity and the blood density are increased, the driving force of the robot and the impact pressure of the blood vessel are all added. Finally, the experiments provide evidence that the spiral micro-robot can be applied in both positive and reverse flowing fluids.
    Microstructure and Electrochemical Properties of Electrodeposited Amorphous/Nanocrystalline Ni-Mo Alloy Electrode
    LI Ning-1, GAO Cheng-Hui-2
    2011, 22(17):  2117-2121. 
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    In order to make full use of the chemical activity of amorphous phase and nanocrystalline high surface area, the deposited Ni81.32Mo18.68 and Ni76.84Mo23.16 were obtained in alkaline solution. The X-ray diffraction described that the deposites were composed with amorphous structure and nanocrystalline phase. And the mass fraction of amorphous is about 37.66% and 73.24% separately. When the deposites are electrolyzed in 33, 7mol/L NaOH electrolytic solution, the amorphous/nanocrystal Ni-Mo alloy has low hydrogen evolution potential than nanocrystalline Ni alloy. The hydrogen evolution property of the deposites is increasing in corresponding with molybdenum content increase. And the electrolysis experiments show that the deposited active component is related with the amorphous content, the Ni76.84Mo23.16 alloy with more amorphous phase content has a lower hydrogen evolution potential, a higher exchange current density, and a better electrolytic stability.
    Study on Parameters’ Optimization Design of Automotive Panel Sheet Forming Using Kriging Metamodeling Techniques
    QING Qi-Xiang, CHEN Zhe-Wu, WEN Gui-Lin
    2011, 22(17):  2122-2126,2135. 
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    A sample data design was carried out by adopting Latin square
    experimental design method.In order to improve computing efficiency,a Kriging surrogate model was introduced into the complex system of optimization design of automotive panel sheet forming, and was employed for producing coarsen response surface. And then,
     the Kriging interpolation method was used for constructing the better robust surface to decide the better initial values of design variable and reduce constraints to in considerable range. Finally, genetic algorithm was applied for finding the best optimization results. The optimization results show which is able to accurately quantify the warpage of sheet metal forming and crack in the trends and characteristics, Kriging-based optimization method is done, and Kriging model has better prediction ability, with the accuracy of the interest region and the points with larger predicted uncertainty for the accuracy and efficiency of the global approximation.It is optimized by suggested method on the holder force, drawbead resistance of automotive panel sheet forming to eliminate the crack and wrinkle, with good results.
    Forward Design Method of Automatic Clutch Hydraulic Actuator
    SUN Dong-Shu, SHEN Fu-Song, CHEN Li-Jun, QIN Da-Tong
    2011, 22(17):  2127-2132. 
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    A forward design method of clutch hydraulic actuator was established based on automated mechanical transmission systems. The control targets of clutch actuator were obtained combined with clutch control strategy. Boundary conditions for hydraulic actuator design were calculated based on the load deformation characteristics of diaphragm spring. Major components of hydraulic actuator were designed and the control algorithm was instituted. Simulation results show the designed clutch hydraulic actuator can track targets displacement quickly and accurately,and the error is less than 10%.
    Design Method of a V Type Engine Timing Chain System
    FU Zhen-Meng-1, JIN Yu-Mo-1, MENG Fan-Zhong-2
    2011, 22(17):  2132-2135. 
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    A design method for V type engine timing chain system was proposed herein, which adopted an idler shaft sprocket to divide the slack side of the chain into two segments, and utilized an arm assy-tensioner to tension this slack side. The working stroke of the tensioner’s plunger can be decreased by this way, so the mechanical structure of this chain system can be compacted obviously. The calculation methods for choosing timing chain and for validating it static strength were also given via an example. The experimental results show that the engine timing chain system designed by this method has outstanding smooth and wear resistance performance, which also shows that the design method proposed here is very effective and scientific. 
    Design Optimization on Crashworthiness of Vehicle Front Impact Based on Hybrid Approximate Model
    WANG Guo-Chun, CHENG Ai-Guo, GU Ji-Chao, SONG,KAI,ZHONG Zhi-Hua
    2011, 22(17):  2136-2141. 
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    The thicknesses of vehicle front parts were defined as variables, and 100 points of vehicle front crash finite element models were sampled by the Latin hypercube design of experimental method. The Kriging model, LSR model and RBF model were then applied to construct the approximate models of the weight of front structure, the maximal acceleration of B pillar and the maximal absorbed energy of front structure according to the FEM simulation results. In the optimization of maximal acceleration of B pillar, the weight of front structure, the maximal absorbed energy of front structure and the thickness of vehicle front parts were constrained. Then, an ASA algorithm and searching the best result in a large number of samples in three spaces were adopted to minimum the maximal acceleration of B pillar and find an optimal thickness of the front parts. The study shows that the precision and efficiency of this method is good and can meet the crashworthiness engineering requirements.