Table of Content

25 February 2012, Volume 23 Issue 4

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Study on Non-linear Response of Gear System with Double Periodic Parametrically under Friction Effect

WEI Yi-Che, LIU Kai, CUI E-Hui, YUAN Wan, ZHANG Wu

2012, 23(4):  289-294,442. 

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This paper studied the influences of tooth friction on parametric dynamics response of a single-mesh gear pair.A dynamics rotational model was developed to consider this mechanism together with the other contributions of tooth friction and mesh stiffness fluctuation.

The impacts of friction coefficient,contact ratio,inertia ratio,stiffness

factor,load share coefficient and model damping on the response and long

range response were investigated.The effects of time-varying friction moments about the gear centers are critical to non-linear vibration response.

Load Tooth Contact Analysis on Globoidal Cam Continuous Transmission Mechanism with Balls

MAO Shi-Gang, FENG Xian-Yang, LI Lei

2012, 23(4):  379-382. 

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Based on the mathematical models of the globoidal cam continuous transmission mechanism with balls,a meshing model was obtained and the tooth contact analysis was performed.The tooth contact form of meshing globoidal cam was a point contact between convexity and saddle surfaces.The contact ellipses of the meshing tooth surfaces were studied,and the orientations and dimensions of contact

 ellipses were obtained.By the solution method of the principal curvature,the equations of the contact characteristics of the contact points on the globoidal cam with balls were developed.Based on the equations,the contact spots on the globoidal cam were simulated and analyses were conducted on the rule of the principal curvature of the contact points on the pinion and the globoidal cam as well as the rule of the maximum press stress of the contact areas on the globoidal cam.The study is useful for further investigations in transmission theory and practical applications of globoidal cam with balls.The presented results provide the theoretical basis for the design and manufacture of globoidal cam with balls.

Research on Stability and Improvement of Taylor-Expansion-Based Approach for NURBS Curve Interpolation

LUO Fu-Yuan-1, LIU Wei-Feng-1, YIN Juan-2

2012, 23(4):  383-388,434. 

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The first or the second order Taylor expansion is an usual approach for NURBS curve iterative interpolation.The approach always resulted in chord errors and consequent feedrate fluctuation and motion impact.Therefore,after analyzing the three reasons that cause Taylor-expansion-based interpolation errors,an improved approach was proposed to deriving accurate interpolation points by means of search neighborhood determination and binary interpolation search based on the first Taylor expansion.The proposed approach made full use of both origin accuracy of the first Taylor expansion and the local linear characteristics of NURBS curve.The interpolation test shows the average relative displacement error is decreased to 6.46×10-11.Moreover,the search times are no more than three in every interpolation period.Thus,feedrate fluctuation is greatly suppressed and high speed and high stability machining is realized.

A New BLISCO Method Based on Approximate Models

JIANG Beng, KUANG Ling, SHAO Xin-Yu, XIAO Mi

2012, 23(4):  395-402. 

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BLISCO method is a high efficient multi-level MDO method which combines the advantages of Bi-level integrated system synthesis (BLISS) method and collaborative optimization (CO) method. This paper proposed a new BLISCO method based on approximate models. In addition to inheriting the merits of BLISCO method, it can also reduce the number of simulation analysis and calculation during design optimization processes,smooth the numerical noise in design space, avoid local optimum and quickly find the global optimal solution. The proposed method was tested by two examples, separately from both cases of subsystem existing coupling or not. Through the comparative analysis, it shows that the new BLISCO method based on approximate models can obtain the optimal solution quickly and accurately, and its overall performance is better than

that of the original BLISCO method and the methods proposed by the literatures.

Development of New Efficient Jetting System for Jack-up Unit

HU Zhi-Hui-1, DUAN Meng-Lan-1, DIAO Jun-1, HAN Feng-1, SONG Lin-Song-2

2012, 23(4):  402-406. 

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According to the problems of existing jetting system,a reform program of jetting system was proposed.The jetting system was controlled by hydraulic mechanism,all of the jetting nozzles can be broken through. The results show that jetting capacity is enhanced significantly and the difficulty during removal of platform is reduced,which achieves greater efficiency of removal platform and further ensures the safety purpose of platform.

Study on Cooling EGR Temperature Controller for Diesel Engine

LI Ai-Juan-1, LI Shun-Ming-1, GUO Xin-Min-2, LIU Gang-3, LIU Jian-Ya-4

2012, 23(4):  407-411. 

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In order to reduce the NOx emission quantity of diesel engine, an cooling EGR temperature controller was designed. The controller can control the revolving speed of a direct current electric pump. Through controlling the revolving speed of the direct current electric pump, the cooling water's circulation was regulated. By the way of adjusting the circulation of cooling water, the EGR optimum cooling temperature range was ensured. The EGR cooling temperature was gained through temperature sensor, if the EGR cooling temperature was not within the optimum cooling temperature range, the temperature controller can adjust the average voltage of the electric water pump through changing PWM signals' pulse duty factor. The water pump's revolving speed was changed to regulate the circulation of cooling water. So the EGR cooling temperature was controlled automatically through the regulation of cooling water's circulation. By applying the temperature controller in CA498 diesel engine, the test results show that comparing to the EGR system of without cooling EGR device, the cooling EGR temperature controller can reduce the quantity of NOx emission effectively. 

Parameter Analysis of Hot Plate Based on General Rotary Unitized Design

WANG Jing-Shen-1, 2, WEI Meng-3, LIU Wei-Jun-1, HU Yan-Bing-3

2012, 23(4):  411-414. 

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In lithography process,there is very high requirements to the temperature uniformity of hot plate surface,and for the problem of choosing design parameters,a general rotary

unitized design method was used,the simulation software ANSYS was applied,the data of the temperature uniformities of hot plate surface were obtained when the design parameters were selected for different values.It is consistent between the results of regressive model and the simulation ones.So hot plate parameters can be selected according to this regressive model.

Research on Stationary Blade Type of Air Compressor

GENG Ai-Nong-1, GENG Kui-Hua-2, LI Xin-Mei-1, CHEN Jun-Li-3, RUAN Qi-Jiang-3

2012, 23(4):  415-420. 

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This paper proposed a new type of stationary blade air compressor,in which the compressor had a swing rotor and a stationary blade,and the blade's out-end was hermetically fastened to the cylinder's inner wall and the blade's two side-ends were hermetically fastened to the end-covers, so that the gas leaking paths from the compression chamber to the intake chamber were decreased and the leakage and friction occurred from these parts were eliminated effectively.The paper introduced the compressor's structure characteristics and working principles,and established a mathematical model for the compressor.

The results show:the rotor's moment of inertia has severe effects on the friction and the wear in the sliding block-blade moving pairs.Thus it should be minimized in order to decrease the contact force between the sliding blocks and the blade.The axial clearances between the rotor and the covers affect the compressor's internal leaking loss sensitively,therefore the axial seals should be adopted in order to reduce the leakage at rotor's two axial ends.

Study on Ultrasonic Vibration Precision Machining Technology of Aircraft Fastener Holes

ZHANG De-Yuan, LIU Jing

2012, 23(4):  421-424. 

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A kind of ultrasonic drill-reaming-countersink machining method and rotary ultrasonic vibration drilling tool system were proposed and developed,in order to solve a series of problems,such as long machining process route,low machining quality and low tool life for traditional manual multi-step drilling fastener

holes on CFRP and titanium alloy stacks of aircraft skin.Experiments show that ultrasonic machining tools and method can obviously improve the quality and the processing efficiency of fastener big holes on CFRP and titanium alloy stacks and lower the production cost to satisfy the aircraft assembly industry requirements. 

Meshing Impact Analysis and Profile Modification of Planetary Gear Drive with Small Tooth Number Difference

LIU Wen-Ji-1, SONG Chao-Sheng-2, HONG Yang-1

2012, 23(4):  425-429. 

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In view of multi-tooth meshing of planetary gear drive with small tooth number difference,a finite element analysis model was built and each

node's contact stress, status, sliding distance, etc.,in the whole meshing process were obtained. The meshing impact's influence on scraping tooth top was analyzed. By profile modification, meshing status improved and meshing impact lightened,

which is of instructive significance for designing gear drive with small tooth number difference.

Data Processing Method of Centroid Test System Based on Gray BP Neural Network Algorithm

ZHANG Xian, ZHONG Jiang, TUN Hui, DIAO Zhang-Feng

2012, 23(4):  430-434. 

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In order to reduce the influences of sensor's random errors on three point support small agricultural machinery centroid position measuring system,a new test data processing method was studied with fewer times and small-angle test operations.A construction method of gray BP neural network model was proposed,which integrated the gray GM(1,1) model and the BP neural network model.And the prediction model was verified with an actual small agricultural machinery centroid measuring platform.The results show that the construction method and forecasting model are credible,and the relative error is as 0.759% which is better than original error.

A Method of Feature Extraction in Coupling Machinery Faults Based on Topological Transitivity

ZHANG Yu-Cun, MA Rui, FU Xian-Bin, KONG Chao

2012, 23(4):  435-438. 

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Because of the complexity of a rotating machinery system,it is difficulty to extract features effectively for its nonlinearity and coupling characteristic parameters.In order to extract the coupling characteristics of rotating machinery system,a state feature information topological space was established and a topological dynamic system model was constructed.A new method of information space transformation to

express the rotating machinery system and extract features was put forward according to the topological transitivity of the system.Through tracing the transfer and converting processes of feature information of the system,the feature of the system was extracted.A foundation for analysing the rotating machinery system working characteristics was laid from a new perspective.The proposed method was applied to an oil film force rotating machinery with single fault of rub,single fault of crack and coupling fault for feature extraction,the feasibility of the proposed approach was demonstrated by simulation experiments. 

Structure Optimization of Ultrasonic Bonding Transducer Based on Frequency Sensitivity Method

LONG Zhi-Li-1, HAN Lei-2, CHU Meng-Feng-2, ZHANG Liang-Liang-3

2012, 23(4):  439-442. 

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To the common problems that double resonant peaks or multiple resonant peaks in ultrasonic transducer,a structure optimization method based on frequency sensitivity was introduced in this paper.For an ultrasonic transducer with double peaks used in wire bonding,the modal frequency sensitivity was investigated to control the double peak problems by modifying the minimal diameter of the horn, which can control effectively the disturb from the non-working modal vibration and the transducer can be driven at the resonant frequency,further the stable outputs of the ultrasonic energy will be improved.

Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings Based on Wavelet-domain Lognormal Model

JIANG Hai-Yan-1, BANG Chao-2

2012, 23(4):  443-448. 

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Since the non-Gaussian of rolling bearing vibration signals can not be fully described by the wavelet analysis,a feature extraction approach based on wavelet transformation and lognormal model was

proposed,so as to that the feature vectors were extracted to reflect accurately the running state of rolling bearings.First of all,the non-stationary and non-Gaussion signals generated by rolling bearing vibrations were decomposed into some coefficients by wavelet transformation.Then the signals of single reconstruction were modeled as lognormal models and its log mean and log variance were extracted.Finally, fault patterns were recognized by the feature vectors using support vector machine(SVM) classifier.The experimental results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed approach for recognizing the states of rolling bearings.

Layout Design Optimization of Stiffener Plates Inside Housing Structures

DING Xiao-Gong-1, LI Guo-Jie-2

2012, 23(4):  449-453. 

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An effective design optimization approach of stiffener plates inside housing structures was suggested based on density method.The housing structure was simplified to a hollow house with numerous parallel fibers inside,which was called fiber model.The material layout of the outer loaded panel was

optimized by density method.The existence of the stiffener plates inside the housing structure was decided by the optimal material layout of the outer loaded panel.Because the 3-dimentional design

problem was changed to a 2-dimentional design problem by introducing the fiber model,the suggested method is effective and needs a very low computational cost.The validity of the suggested method was verified by several typical design problems. 

Study on Self-locking Mechanism of Meshing Pairs of Eccentric Swing Movable Teeth

YI E-Li, AN Zi-Jun, CENG Da-Nie

2012, 23(4):  454-457. 

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A concept of critical wedge angle was put forward based on the analysis of self-locking cause of meshing pairs of eccentric swing movable teeth.Critical self-locking conditions of meshing pairs was deduced.Variation regularity of wedge angle during whole meshing course was analyzed according to a parameter design example and self-locking judgment.The main impact factor of wedge angle was analyzed to obtain non self-lock design criterions of eccentric swing movable teeth.Three types of movable teeth was designed to overcome self-locking based on type transformation.

Direct Parameter Identification of Continuous-time Hammerstein Model with Input/Output Measurement Noises

HE Chang-Gong, DIAO Tian-Lin, DAN Fang

2012, 23(4):  458-463. 

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With input/output measurement noises,parameters of continuous-time Hammerstein model were restructured to gain its equivalent linear differential equation.Modulation integral of the linear differential equation was conducted by wavelet modulation function(WMF) which got equivalent algebraic equation.

Modulation integral of input/output measurement noises were analyzed,then generalized noise model was put forward to deal with input/output measurement noises.The unbiased parameters of algebraic equation were obtained by modulation generalized least square algorithm.Finally, the parameter of Hammerstein model was achieved by singular value decomposition(SVD).The numerical simulation and industrial example were carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and practical applicability of the algorithm. 

Simulation and Experimental Research on Floating Die Cold Forming of Helical Gears

XUE Ke-Min, LI Xiao-Dong, LI Ping, HU Feng, ZHOU Ji-Kuai, DAN Wen-Chao

2012, 23(4):  464-468. 

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By cold forging process with floating die,the same type helical gears with different helix angels were researched by both numerical simulation and physical experiments.Characteristics of metal flowing and forming load were analyzed and compared with the conventional scheme.Factors that affected the precision of forgings after demoulding were discovered by comparison of helical gears with different helixs.

The results show that the cold forming load of floating die can be reduced effectively,and when demoulding,the helical gears make rigid rotation along the helical directions.The paper provides a reference for the further research of heilical gear precision forging.

Solidification Analysis during Laser Cladding Process Based on Finite Element

CHEN Gang-1, LI Xiang-Feng-1, ZUO Dui-Wen-1, WANG Hong-Yu-1, 2

2012, 23(4):  468-473. 

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Finite element was used to analyze effects of the temperature variations on the solidification organization for laser cladding. The influences of the temperature gradient G and the cooling rate (cooling part of temperature changing rate) were discussed.A feature controlling factor K was used to study the solidification performance in the laser cladding process. The results show that the grains precipitate along the vertical direction below the heat source center and the cooling rate plays an important role in refining the grains.The larger the cooling rate is, the less the grains are. It is also found that the solidification structure is significantly dependent on the occurring time of the highest cooling rate and on that of K at the melting point of the cladding or the substrate. It is demonstrated that, if the largest cooling rate is achieved prior to K at the melting point, the structure is of the cellular-grain form. Otherwise, it is of column-dendrite grain form. And when K is in the range of 80×10⁶~120×10⁶℃·s, the solidification structure is of densely arranged cellular-grain form whose grain size is larger. When K is more than

200×10⁶℃·s, the structure is of column-dendrite form.

Optimization Analysis of Autofrettage Pressure for Thick Walled Cylinders

JIAN Ling-Yun, LIU Quan-Kun, WANG Cheng-Yong, LI Heng, HAN Shu

2012, 23(4):  474-479. 

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A bilinear kinematic hardening autofrettage model was established and the stress formulae of three loading procedures were derived considering the strain-hardening and Bauschinger effect of material.Based on the hoop and equivalent working stresses,the best autofrettage pressure of thick walled cylinder was assessed and deduced.The relevant three procedures were simulated and the effect of autofrettage

pressure on the maximum hoop and equivalent working stresses was established and the relation curves were given using finite element software.

Multi-objective function was converted into single objective function using

weighted array model and the best autofrettage pressure was obtained when the total objective function reached minimum.The research results herein provide new methods for acquiring the best autofrettage pressure and are valuable to practical project applications.

Numerical Simulation and Test of Half-sliding Hydroforming Axle Housing

LIANG Chen, LIU Wei-Wei, CHEN Guo-Jiang, SU Meng-Kai, WANG Lian-Dong

2012, 23(4):  479-484. 

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A numerical simulation of pre-bulging and final bulging of half-sliding hydroforming under the different loading paths was carried out.The hydroforming state and the wall thickness of tubeblank in the periphery direction and the axial direction were analyzed under variable loading paths,and the better paths

were figured out,by which the wall thickness distribution was good for the pre-bulging and the qualified

samples were obtained.The small automobile axle housings were tria-produced with a common press.

Modeling and Dynamic Simulation of Hydraulic Gooseneck Trailer's Track on Crooked Road

CHENG Bo-1, YANG Yo-1, LIU Ba-Lin-1, SHEN Shi-Jie-2

2012, 23(4):  485-487,503. 

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To ensure the transportation safety of OS/OW products,the problem of the poor passing capability of hydraulic gooseneck trailer in turning should be solved. After analysis of the hydraulic gooseneck trailer's static structure and dynamic turning characteristics, we deduced an iterative formula of the model's key points coordinates.Based on that, the computer codes were wrote to actualize the dynamic computer simulation of the hydraulic gooseneck trailer's turning process, which can provide guidance for the hydraulic gooseneck trailer to pass the crooked road smoothly during transport process.

Brake Feel Consistency of Electric Vehicles with Electro-hydraulic Braking System and Realizing Method

LI Yu-Fang, TUN Tan-Hua

2012, 23(4):  488-492. 

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The definition of electric vehicles brake feel consistency was proposed and its impact factors were analyzed,the necessary conditions to realize brake feel consistency were achieved.And a method of designing and realizing electro-hydraulic composite system with better brake feel consistency was proposed.And a simulation model of hydraulic braking system was established with AMESim software to verify that hydraulic torque output response of the electro-hydraulic braking system can meet the variation

requirements of achieving brake feel consistency. 

Subsection-typed Energy Management for a Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Equivalent BSFC and Battery SOC Balancing

LIN Xiao-1, XU Xiao-2, GUAN Cheng-2

2012, 23(4):  493-499. 

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Based on the proposed system architecture of a plug-in parallel hybrid vehicle, a dynamics mathematical model of the whole vehicle's powertrain/transmission system including engine, motor, battery, clutch, transmission box was put forward which was capable of simulating transit synchronizer progress and clutch engage or disengage progress during gear shift or mode change stage. In accordance with the battery SOC, the electricity max algorithm or powertrain efficiency algorithm was adopted. The energy distribution algorithm of powertrain efficiency based on equivalent BSFC and battery SOC balancing was brought forward which took engine's BSFC and motor's motor/generation efficiency into consideration. The optimal torque distribution can be realized under varying sets of vehicle speed and torque requests at the input shaft. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that, the proposed energy distribution algorithm can increase powertrain system working efficiency and the whole system fuel economy without sacrificing any vehicle performance. 

hybrid electric vehicle; equivalent BSFC(brake specific fuel consumption); subsectional control; torque distribution

Study on Lightweight Design and Finite Element Modeling of Semi-integral Coach Skeleton

LONG Jiang-Qi-1, LAN Feng-Chong-2, WANG Jin-Lun-2, ZHOU Shi-Jia-1

2012, 23(4):  499-503. 

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A FE model of a semi-integral coach skeleton was established with shell elements and beam elements.The FE model was verified by experimental test.The strength of original coach skeleton model was computed and the stress distribution of the whole coach skeleton was obtained.Results show the potential

for lightweight design through structure configuration modification and optimization.A sensitivity analysis was conducted to select the components which affect the structural performance mostly and a lightweight scheme was proposed,which shows the weight-saving is of 7.35% of the original model.The lightweight model is mainly developed on the basis of sensitivity analysis and topology optimization.Finally,the feasibility of the optimization scheme was verified by the comparison of strength,stiffness and modal parameters with the original model.