Table of Content

25 April 2023, Volume 34 Issue 08

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Rotating Eddy Current Testing for Inspection of Cracks at Hole Edge

ZHU Yulong, ZHAO Yingsong, FANG Yang, CHEN Hongen, CHEN Zhenmao,

2023, 34(08):  883-891.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.001

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 Rotating eddy current testing method was applied for reliable ECT of cracks at the cooling hole edge of gas turbine blades. At first， a numerical simulation scheme and code were developed， and numerical results show that the method might find cracks by amplitude modulated rotating ECT. A rotation ECT probe and a inspecting system were designed to inspect test-pieces with cooling holes and cracks at their edges. The consistency of experimental ones and simulation results show that the proposed numerical simulation scheme and rotating ECT are effective for detecting the hole edge cracks. 

Ultrasonic TFM Inspection and Quantitative Method of Defects for Curved Surface Structures of Aeroengine Casing Rings

GUAN Shanyue, WANG Xiaokai, HUA Lin, LI Yixuan,

2023, 34(08):  892-898.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.002

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Grooves and round corners of ring forgings used in aeroengine casing were prone to produce various defects. Taking the curved surface structures of aeroengine casing rings as an object， the ultrasonic TFM detection and defect quantification were proposed. The testing areas were divided into grid points in cylindrical coordinate system and the reference blocks with 0.8 mm artificial defects were designed. The maximum amplitude defect data set at all grid points was collected. The data set was fitted in two directions of depth and angle， and the distance angle amplitude surface defects quantitative evaluation method was established. The experimental results of a casing ring specimen show that the errors of quantitative method are less than 1 dB. 

Efficient Optimization Design Method of Centrifugal Impellers Based on Multi-surrogate Model

LIU Jisheng, JI Liang, LI Wei, JIA Zhixin, CHENG Jinxin, FANG Pengcheng

2023, 34(08):  899-907.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.003

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Aiming at the problems of excessive number of iterations and time consumption in automatic optimization design， an efficient optimization search model for centrifugal compressor blades was established based on multi-surrogate model optimization algorithm. A global/local model management strategy and a sample filling method were studied. The comprehensive performance of multi-surrogate model and common meta-heuristic optimization algorithms（particle swarm algorithm， multi-island genetic algorithm， etc. ）were compared and analyzed, and the effectiveness of the efficient optimization search model was verified. The results of the centrifugal impeller optimization show that the isentropic efficiency is improved by 0.73%， the total pressure ratio is increased by 0.18%， and the surge margin is improved by 1.1%. Compared with the classical particle swarm algorithm， the optimization time may be reduced by 54.9%. 

Research on High-precision Six-axis Detection and Error Compensation Method for Blisk Blade Profiles

ZHENG Gang, YAN Lifang, ZHANG Kaiwei, ZHANG Xu

2023, 34(08):  908-915，922.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.004

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In order to improve the measurement efficiency and accuracy of the overall blisk by CMM and to solve the problems that large-sized blisk exceeded the measuring range of measuring machine, a six-axis measurement system was constructed based on CMM and a high-precision turntable. According to the principle of space coordinate transformation, a mathematical model of the turntable coordinate system and the blisk workpiece coordinate system were established. A space error compensation method was proposed after the coordinate systems of different blades of the blisk rotated with the turntable. Test results show that the measurement efficiency increases by 28.22% on average under the premise of ensuring that the measurement accuracy of each blade profile parameter meets the process requirements. Compared with the measurement data without the turntable, the new six-axis measurement system measures the horizontal blisk blade profile, and the profile comparison errors are almost all within 0.008 mm. The maximum comparison error is less than 0.015 mm, which is smaller and more stable than the measurement errors of the inclined blisk.

Spatio-temporal Consistency Technology for Inertial Measurement of Guide Rail Straightness

WANG Haitong, REN Zixiao, LIU Zhihua, CAI Chenguang, CAI Yonglin,

2023, 34(08):  916-922.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.005

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 In order to solve the problems that CNC machine tools needed to measure the precision for a long time and the measurement signals of a single sensor could not correspond to the space of the guide rail， a spatio-temporal consistency technology for straightness inertial measurement of the guide rail was proposed. A guideway straightness error model in the form of sinusoidal superposition was established. Based on the spatial frequency of guideway straightness errors， a multi-speed measurement scheme was adopted to eliminate the guideway inclination error and intercept the errors signals of corresponding frequencies respectively. The limit sensor was used as the synchronous trigger of the acquisition card to measure the spatio-temporal consistency of the straightness errors of the guide rail. Compared with the laser interferometer and phase delay measurement data， the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed measurement method was verified. 

An ER-BFGS Evaluation Method for Datum-free Profile of Complex Surfaces

FU Gaocai, SHENG Buyun, WAN Run, YIN Xiyan, SHENG Ganlin

2023, 34(08):  923-930.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.006

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 To solve the problem that a large number of measurement points caused the multiplication of time spent in calculating surface profiles， a new surface profile evaluation method was proposed based on ER and BFGS algorithm. Based on the minimum distance function from point to surface， the minimax problem of the profile evaluation model for the minimum region was transformed into an unconstrained and differentiable optimization problem through ER principle， and solved by the fast convergent BFGS algorithm， which realized the rapid profile evaluation of complex surfaces without datum. The experiments show that the calculation time of this method may decrease as 5%～19% compared with the sequential quadratic programming method， and effectively improve the efficiency of on-line measurement. 

Multi-objective Robust Optimization Design Method Based on Adaptive Incremental Kriging Model

TIAN Zongrui, ZHI Pengpeng, YUN Guoli, GUO Xinkai, GUAN Yi

2023, 34(08):  931-940.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.007

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A multi-objective robust optimization design method of adaptive incremental Kriging model was proposed. Firstly, according to the structural characteristics and optimization objectives, the incremental Kriging surrogate model was constructed, and a hybrid sampling strategy was proposed to improve the adaptability of the incremental Kriging surrogate model. Secondly, the Cauchy mutation MOPSO(CMMOPSO) algorithm was proposed. By improving the inertia weight factor, individual learning factor and social learning factor, and introducing the Cauchy mutation strategy, the efficiency and precision of the optimization model were improved. Finally, an optimization model was constructed with the structural parameters as the design variables, the standard deviation of the performance indicators as the objective, and the 3σ variable reduction interval as the constraint. The optimal solutions of multi-objective robust optimization were obtained combining CMMOPSO and grey correlation analysis. Analysis results of the example show that the proposed method may obtain a high-precision structural optimization model with fewer performance function calls, and the optimization results have faster convergence rate and better robustness than that of traditional methods.

Location Imaging of Composite Plate Damage Based on Cross Recurrence Rate 

LIU Xiaofeng, ZHANG Tianyu, ZHANG Chunbing, BO Lin

2023, 34(08):  940-947.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.008

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 Based on cross-recursion rate， a damage localization imaging method was proposed to address the difficulty in constructing a damage index for composite plates based on Lamb waves. This method firstly described the damage information in each sensing path by cross-recursion rate and constructed a damage index based on the cross-recursion rate. Combined with the elliptical probability imaging algorithm， the method implemented the damage localization detections of composite plates. The results of finite element simulation and fatigue test data analysis show that this method may accurately locate the internal damages of composite plates and identify the damage location even in the presence of noise interference.

Pulsation Suppression Characteristics of In-lined Bladder Style Pressure Attenuator 

XI Yi, LI Baoren, WAN buyan, XU Jingwei

2023, 34(08):  948-954.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.009

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Aiming at the problems for low accuracy of the calculation method for pulsation suppression performance and unclear pulsation suppression mechanism of in-lined bladder style pressure pulsation attenuator（bladder attenuator）， an improved acoustic-solid coupling finite element method was proposed to calculate the pulsation suppression characteristics of bladder attenuator， which was based on the acoustic impedance calculation of micro-perforated plates by micro-perforation theory. The effect laws of system operating pressure， inflation pressure， main structural parameters， and bladder material on the pressure pulsation suppression characteristics were studied. The correctness of the proposed calculation method and theoretical analysis results were verified by experiments. 

Driving Force Control of Hub Motor Vehicle Based on Off-road Condition Identification

FU Xiang, WANG Yuxin, LIU Daoyuan, WANG Jijie,

2023, 34(08):  955-965.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.010

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According to the shortcomings of the existing condition recognition strategy in identifying undulating terrain and variable adhesion road surfaces， based on the LuGre tire model， observation space equations were constructed to quickly identify the transient changes of adhesion conditions. The real-time working conditions were mapped with 6 typical working conditions based on fuzzy control algorithm， and a closed-loop control strategy was designed to adaptively adjust the real-time output torque of hub motors based on the working condition identification results. Simulation test and real vehicle verification show that the drive force control strategy based on the off-road condition identification may quickly track the transient changes of each wheel adhesion limit and grounding state， and adaptively adjust the real-time driving power of the vehicle to achieve comprehensive optimization of vehicle power performance and stability. 

Multichannel Information Fusion and Deep Transfer Learning for Rotating Machinery Fault Diagnosis

ZHANG Long, HU Yanqing, ZHAO Lijuan, ZHANG Hao

2023, 34(08):  966-975.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.011

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To address the problems of inadequate information on the characteristics of single channel signals， a rotating machinery fault diagnosis method of multichannel information fusion and deep transfer learning approach was proposed. Firstly， the one-dimensional signals collected by multi-sensors were used to generate separate time-frequency maps by wavelet transforms. Then， the information of the maps was fused into multi-channel images. Finally， the pre-trained deep residual network， as a transfer model， was used for fault diagnosis of the rotating machinery. The identification accuracy of the tests on the cylindrical roller bearing， locomotive bearing， and gearbox datasets of a bureau of locomotive section is as 99.23%， 99.78%， and 99.50% respectively； and the identification accuracy of the cross-service transfer tests on the Case Western Reserve University bearing dataset is as 93.12%， which indicates the superiority and scalability of the proposed method.

Semantic Extraction Method of Multi-scale Nuclear Power Quality Text Fault Information

WU Tingwei, WANG Mengling, YI Shuping, GUO Jingren

2023, 34(08):  976-981,992.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.012

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A semantic extraction method of multi-scale nuclear power quality text fault information was proposed to obtain the information of fault equipment and their stages from nuclear power quality text. The quality text included the faulty equipment and normal equipment， while the whole value chain stages of design， procurement， construction, and commissioning were not described. Firstly， based on Transformer bidirectional encoding， the pre-trained language model were used to convert nuclear equipment quality text into text vectors. The bidirectional gated recurrent unit network with attention mechanism was introduced to mine the key semantic features of quality text defects. On the basis of those above， the conditional random field was used to predict the key semantic features and output the fault equipment. Fine-tuning the extracted key semantic features by multi-layer perceptron， the stages of fault equipment was interpreted. Finally， the experimental verification was conducted based on real nuclear power quality text datasets， and the F1 value reached 94.3%. The results show that the proposed method has good feasibility and effectiveness. 

Explicit Dynamics Driving Fault Diagnosis Method for Bearing Variable Conditions

ZHANG Long, ZHANG Hao, WANG Chaobing, WANG Xiaobo, WEN Peitian, ZHAO Lijuan

2023, 34(08):  982-992.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.013

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 In practical engineering applications， rotating machines were usually in variable conditions， and the feature distribution of samples in different conditions was differentiated， which limited the application scope of fault diagnosis models. In order to solve the problem of inconsistent feature distribution under variable conditions， a method of bearing failure diagnosis of variable conditions under explicit dynamics was proposed. Firstly， the finite element method was used to simulate sample of multiple conditions and multiple fault types， and the simulation projection matrix under different fault types were obtained by NAP. Secondly， the complex working condition nuisance information of the measured signal feature samples were eliminated simultaneously by simulation projection matrix. Finally， the bearing fault diagnosis was performed based on support vector machine. The proposed method was validated by two sets of variable condition bearing data sets. The test results show that the simulation projection matrix may effectively eliminate the nuisance condition information， and the accuracy of fault diagnosis after projection reach 100%. 

Analysis of Action Mechanism of Influencing Factors of Roll Forming Force

HAN Fei, LI Chong

2023, 34(08):  993-999,1006.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.014

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In order to study the influencing factors of forming forces， a roll forming simulation model with 6 stands was established according to the constant radius forming method.  Through experiments， the forming forces of different sheets were measured in each stand， and the hardness of the same position at the corner after deformation of the same sheet was measured.  The effects of flange width， work-hardening， and sheet thickness on forming force were analyzed.  The results show that the forming force increases unobvious with the increase of board width； the forming force is approximately proportional to the square of sheet thickness； forming force and hardness at the corner show the same changing law. 

Solid Granular Medium Forming Processes of Vacuum Interrupter Main Shielding

CAO Miaoyao, HU Han, LI Xiaozhao, SONG Pengfei, SUI Kuanpeng, FU Min,

2023, 34(08):  1000-1006.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-132X.2023.08.015

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Aiming at the formingfor difficulty the complex shape of the main shield in vacuum interrupter main shielding， the solid granular medium forming（SGMF）processes of the main shielding with bidirectional pressure were proposed. The ABAQUS finite element software was used to establish the FE-DE coupling model of main shielding. The influences of forming path， friction coefficient，  and filling height on the main shielding were studied， and the reasonable forming parameters of main shielding were obtained. The die of SGMF for the main shielding was designed and manufactured, the accuracy of the FE-DE coupling model was verified and the reasonable simulation parameters were used to obtain the parts of main shielding.