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    25 June 2008, Volume 19 Issue 12
    A New Method for Rapid Design of the Integral Pressure-compensating Emitters
    Wei Zhengying;Tang Yiping;Cheng Yingshe;Lu Bingheng
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    In order to reduce the complexity of pressure-compensating emitters(PCE),a new integral PCE was designed.And a rapid experimental method was proposed based on RP&M.Utilizing orthogonal experiment,the integral emitters were fabricated to perform rapid experiment based on RP&M by taking the structural parameters of pressure-compensating area as factors.It is found that the unit channel number and the sheared depth have a significant effect on emitter’s compensating performance, and the dimension of labyrinth channel on the emitter body is the most important factor for the flow of the PCE.The regression relationship of structural parameters-flow rate and flow
    behavior index were established and verified through experiment.Then,by analyzing the flow field distribution using the numerical simulation of two phase flow of solid-liquid,the anti-clogging mechanics of pressure-compensating emitter has been disclosed.

    Time-Dependent Reliability Modeling and Study of Failure Rate for Systems with Dependent Failure
    Wang Zheng;Xie Liyang
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    The time-dependent reliability models of series,parallel and k-out-of-n systems with dependent failure were developed,and the relationship between reliability of system and time and that between failure rate of system and time were studied.Using the load-strength interference model in system level,the reliability models of systems with dependent failure were developed.Based on the analyses of reliability models,
    the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of system strength were built.Then,the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of equivalent load were derived with the order statistic theory when random load acted for multiple times.Further,the reliability models of systems under random repeated load and the time-dependent reliability models of systems without strength degeneration were derived respectively.With the probability differential equation,the time-dependent reliability models of systems were built when strength degenerates.Finally,for series,parallel and k-out-of-n systems,the relationship between reliability and time and that between failure rate and time were studied.The results show that system has the similar characteristic as component.Reliability of system decreases gradually with time, and the reliability of k-out-of-n system is between that of series system and parallel system.When strength does not degenerate the failure rate of system decreases gradually;and when strength degenerates the failure rate of system has the whole feature of the bathtub curve.The reliability models proposed herein are useful for determining the time of trial run and reliable life of system and making the maintenance project for system rationally.

    Development and Performance Test of a Micro Gas Turbine Power Generation System
    Xu Jinliang;Hu Jianjun,;Cao Hailiang
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    Based on Brayton cycle,a micro gas turbine power generation system was developed and tested.The key component of micro turbine with a diameter of 14mm was designed using AutoCAD software,which had been secondary developed using VC++6.0 and Object ARX tools,and was fabricated by EDM.The process of configuration design,fabrication and crucial technique in assembly of the whole system were introduced.The system was tested by compressed air and high temperature gas produced by combustion.A maximum rotor speed of 62000r/min,line voltage of 17.2V,electric power of 1.35W and thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 1.12% has been gained.Last,the basic scientific problem in micro gas turbine power generation system and improvement aspects were presented.

    CNC Grinding Complex Shaped Tools with a CBN Spherical Grinding Wheel
    Bin Hongzan;Chen Fang,
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    This paper presented a novel CNC grinding method where a CBN spherical grinding wheel was used to grind complex shaped tools.The new method utilized the self-adaptation of a sphere to decrease the number of simultaneous cooperative axes of CNC grinder and to smooth the rake face between two different geometrical bodies of the tool.In addition,the proposed method provides theoretical reference for developing the new CNC grinding system of complex shaped surface.By means of 3D simulation system of CNC grinding process based on AutoCAD2006,rake face grinding for a taper ball-end mill as a typical example was given to verify the feasibility and availability of the new method.

    Field Dynamic Balancing Method in AMB-Flexible Rotor System
    Li Hongwei;Xu Yang;Gu Huidong;Zhao Lei;Yu Suyuan
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    This paper introduced a field dynamic balancing method for the rotor suspended by active magnetic bearings(AMBs).In practical experiments,the study object was a rotor with three balance disks in the AMB system.The influence coefficient method was applied to balance the rigid modes while the mode balancing method was applied to the first two flexible modes.The balance results indicate that the rotor’s amplitude is obviously reduced and the most reduction is 83.6%.After balanced,the rotor can successfully exceed the first two flexible critical speeds and this improves the precision and security of the system.

    Numerical Investigation on Characteristics of Dispersed Two-phase Flows and 
    Particle Motion Trajectory in Flue Dust Change-over Valve
    Ben Kecun;Tang Wencheng;Xu Hongxiang;Wu Jinghua
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations of dispersed two-phase flow through a flue dust change-over valve(FDCV) were performed. Based on the consideration of the dispersed phase interaction with continuous phase, applying the k-ε model and the stochastic trajectory model with to the gas phase and solid phase,the particle motion trajectory was simulated successfully.According to the results of the simulations,the flow field in the FDCV can be divided into four zones and each zone has the distinct different characteristics of pressure and velocity distribution.Besides,particle diameter and particle injection region affect the particle motion trajectory considerably.The method proposed presents the vital theory basis of optimum design of FDCV structures.

    Study and Analysis for the Hydraulic Bumper’s Characteristics and Its 
    Influential Parameters of the Off-road Vehicle
    Zhang Wenbin;Zhou Xiaojun
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    The overall characteristic formula of hydraulic bumper was gained after analyzing its characteristics,and the speed and pressure difference curve that expressed bumper’s characteristics was gained when relative design parameters were used.Then all kinds of influential parameters about its characteristics were researched. 

    Kinematics Analysis of a New Parallel Robot with Asymmetrical Architecture
    Wu Mengli,;Zhang Dawei;Zhao Xingyu
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    This paper presented a new 3-DOF parallel robot with asymmetrical architecture,and the idea leading to the innovation of the parallel mechanism was systematically addressed.Based on the kinematics model,both forward and inverse positions were analyzed.After the velocity was calculated,the conditional number of the Jacobin matrix was used to evaluate the kinematics performance in comparison with the SKM400.The new mechanism has a wide application prospects in industry.

    Jacobin Matrix of Multi-body System Dynamics Analysis and 
    Realization Based on Spatial Operator Algebra Theory
    Fang Xifeng,;Wu Hongtao;Lu Yuping;Liu Yunping;Shao Bing
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    The Jacobin matrix of the multi-body system dynamics was studied based on the spatial operator algebra theory,and the realization of the Jacobin matrix procedure was built in the environment of Matahematic5.2 software.The high effective stepping method can be used to compute velocity and static force,and has a simple math expression.The software structure of the Jacobin was built and the multi-body system dynamics simulation model was realized based on the integrated procedure VB.NET and Mathematic5.2. According to the analysis, the example of Stanford robot Jacobin was studied, and correctness and validity was verified by computed examples.

    Design and Control Technology Study of the NC Tape Winding Machine
    Shi Yaoyao;Li Haining;Yu Qiang;Tang Hong
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    Based on analyzing the winding modes and processes,as well as the key processing parameters,this paper designed a new tape winding machine so that quality of the products was able to be improved.The machine’s structure,components and the creation methods were introduced.The key technologies for its mechanical structure,the tension delivery system,the heating system,the deviation-rectifying system,and the NC system were discussed in detail respectively.

    A Filtering Method Based on Optimal Morlet Wavelet and Its Application in Machine Fault Feature Analysis
    Cheng Fabin,;Tang Baoping;Zhao Ling
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    The Morlet wavelet and wavelet filter-based filter characteristis were introduced. Based on optimal Morlet wavelet and singular value decomposition, this paper put forward a de-noising method to resolve the shortcoming of traditional wavelet donoise methods,i.e. in terms of how to select wavelet base,method of threshold value and threshold value.According as the method based on optimal Morlet wavelet,a virtual fault feature Analyzer based on wavelet transform was developed successfully.The experimental result shows the proposed method has good de-nosing performance,and it is effective in feature extraction.

    Research on Product Innovation Design Driven by Current Reality Tree, 
    Contradiction Resolution Diagram Using TOC Model
    Liu Xiaomin;Tan Runhua
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    A process model of contradiction solving for TRIZ was briefly discribed, and thinking process of product conflict for TOC was explicated. Product conflict-solving innovation model was represented marrying TRIZ with TOC. Five legitimate diagrams(i.e.current reality tree,contradiction resolution diagram,future reality tree,prerequisite tree,transition tree) were analyzed. The design process of construction model was put forward solving product conflict according to current reality tree, legitimate diagrams and contradiction-solving matrix based on TOC and TRIZ. It is feasible to drive product innovation design using the design method.

    Research on Multi-Sensor Integrated Navigation Technique 
    Based on Federated Filter for Intelligent Vehicle
    Li Xu;Zhang Weigong
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    To satisfy the high-reliable navigation demand in the complex environment for the autonomous intelligent vehicle, a new multi-sensor integrated navigation technique was studied.An integrated SINS/CP-DGPS/speedometer navigation method based on the self-adaptive federated Kalman filter was proposed.According to the separate configuration of federated filter,several filter models of this navigation method were then set up.Finally,simulation experiments were made.Simulation results show that the proposed navigation method can provide enough navigation information at 100Hz with cm-level navigation accuracy and good fault-tolerant ability,which is very convenient to separate the fault sensor from the integrated system.Even when GPS is continuously interrupted for a period,the intelligent vehicle can still get reliable navigation information by the aid of the local filter formed by SINS/Speedometer.

    Research on Product Lifecycle Information Model Based on Meta-model
    Jiang Weiguang;Wu Jianwei;Pan Shuangxia;Guo Feng
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    For the purpose of seamlessly integrated product lifecycle information and sharing knowledge, an integrated,reconfigurable,extensible and highly coincident product lifecycle information model was needed.On analyzing semantic relationship of product meta-data,the lifecycle information model was described from structure layer,process layer and representation layer,and based on attributes,constraints and operations an information model was proposed.Then we analyzed the mechanism of expanding meta-model and the method of building domain model.At last an information model of shock absorber was established and applied as a sample.

    Simulation and Analysis of Board-fins Rolling Process
    Yuan Qilong ; Li Yan;Zheng Jianming ; Li Pengyang
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    A new rolling method was contrived for machining board-fins.Shaping principles of the new method and design of the rolling tool were introduced briefly,FEM DEFORM-3D was used to simulate the shaping process and the ideal simulated fins structures were obtained,the strain-stress state of workpiece and applied force of rolling tool in shaping process were analyzed.And the practical machining experiments demonstrate the feasibility of the method proposed.

    Research on Micro Electroforming Technology of 
    High-aspect-ratio Metal Microstructrues by Using a Movable Mask
    Zeng Yongbin;Zhu Di;Qu Ningsong;Hu Yangyang
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    The objective of this paper is to develop a technology of micro electroforming for the fabrication metal microstructures.In the proposed technology,a movable mask with low-aspect-ratio patterns was used to confine the area of electrodeposition dynamically in order to produce high-aspect-ratio metal microstructures.The proposed technology offers some unique advantages over competing technologies such as avoiding removal of photoresist,no wear of mask.In this work,the mask was made by micro drilling and milling on an Epon board.The current distribution was analyzed using FEM method,mass transport in trench-like feature was also studied.The results indicate that as the deposit builds up to near the mouth of the trench,the uniformity gradually deteriorates due to the current crowding and spherical flux diffusion.Micro static electrical combs and array of micro EDM electrodes with aspect ratio of 3 and 5 respectively are obtained.The feature scale of the microstructures is 500μm.

    Influence of Machining Parameters on the Surface Roughness 
    of Ultrasonic Vibration Aided Grinding-EDM
    Yan Peng;Zhang Jianhua;Bai Wenfeng;Xu Wenwen
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    Adopting analysis of variance(ANOVA),the influence of machining parameters on surface roughness was analyzed in ultrasonic vibration aided grinding EDM.The parameters included pulse width,pulse period,reference voltage and ultrasonic amplitude. A quadratic model of predicting surface roughness was researched.With the help of response surface methodology (RSM),the surface roughness related to each machining condition can be predicted,which shows a very satisfactory instruction in determining machining parameters.

    Study on Parameter Transformation Characteristics and Shape Optimization of General Scroll Profiles
    Wang Licun,;Chen Jin
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    Aiming at the research of general scroll profiles and its shape optimization,the coefficient parameter transformation characteristics of general arc functional scroll profiles based on instinct equation of
    tangent angle coefficient was studied.Through the analysis of specific characteristics of coefficient parameters, the speciality in each phase and commonness in whole phase of general arc functional scroll profiles
    was mastered.Through the shape optimization of scroll profiles, the compression ratio will be the biggest under the condition of assuring intention of root,which gave attention to excellency of both high intention and high compression ratio and make the best of compress efficiency.The research conclussions have a great theoretical and actual significance to the general scroll profiles and varying thickness scroll compressor.

    Motion Control of a Precise Wafer Stage
    Zhang Shangying;Chen Xuedong;Zhao Hui;Yan Tianhong
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    Motion control system of an ultra precision wafer stage with application to integrated circuit production was presented.Configuration and master/slave control principle of ultra precision wafer stage were introduced.By adopting merits of both coarse and fine stage,a desired motion control system having the capacity of large workspace with high resolution of motion was enabled.Identification method of mechatronics system such as ultra precision wafer stage was pictured and done based on closed-loop control.The automated synthesis procedure of parallel PID controller and robust controller were developed using loop shaping techniques.Force decoupling strategy was developed under the consideration of reality in practice.The simulation result shows that the positioning precision achieves to 10 nanometers in the ultra precision wafer stage using dual stage.

    Multi-objective Optimization Study of Orifice System of Hydraulic Confined Piston Engine
    Zhao Hong;Zhang Tiezhu;Zhang Hongxin;Zhang Jipeng
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    A multi-objective optimization model of valve type orifice system of hydraulic confined piston engine was built.The optimization study was done by complex method.The optimization design was done by MATLAB language and the optimization mathematic model was resolved.The results of re-optimization and pre-optimization are analyzed,which proves that the optimization model of the valve type orifice system of HCPE is correct.Volumetric efficiency of pre-optimization is simulated.Contrasted with the experimental results,the increase of volumetric efficiency is great and about 10%.

    Diagonal Spectrum-RBF Neural Networks Fault Diagnosis for Rotating Machinery
    Zhou Peng;Qin Shuren
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    A method of fault diagnosis for rotating machinery,combing diagonal spectrum with RBF(radial basis function)neural networks,was presented.In our applications,diagonal spectrum,as input feature vector,which was calculated from vibration rotating machinery,was classified by RBF neural networks, and finally determined fault modes of rotating machinery.The experiment of rolling element bearing shows that the approach based on diagonal spectrum–RBF neural networks is practical and effective.

    Possibility Degree Method for Structural Interval Reliability Analysis
    Sun Hailong,;Yao Weixing
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    Interval stress-interval strength interference model was built for structural interval reliability analysis,when interval numbers were used to represent the uncertain design variables affecting the structural performance.Structural safety possibility degree(SPD) and failure possibility degree(FPD) were formulated for this interference model with two variables.Possibility degree method,with good mathematical characteristics,for analysis of structural interval reliability was proposed,which can be used whenever there was enough probability information or not.Further,the relationship between structural SPD and probability reliability were investigated under the assumption that all design variables were uniform distributed in their interval range.The conclusion is that a reasonable evaluation for the grade of structural safety or reliability can be provided by SPD.The effectiveness of SPD method for structural interval reliability analysis was illustrated by a simple example.

    Research on Multi-objective Topology Optimization on Bus Chassis Frame
    Fan Wenjie;Fan Zijie;Su Ruiyi
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    This paper presented a multi-objective topology optimization method for bus chassis frame, in which both the compliance and eigenfrequencies were regarded as static and dynamic optimization objectives.Based on the SIMP(solid isotropic material with penalization) method,compromise programming method was adopted to define objectives of multi-objective topology optimization and multi-stiffness topology optimization,mean frequency method was adopted to settle eigenfrequencies of free vibration optimization.This approach overcomes the shortcoming of single-objective optimization methods which can not simultaneously consider other objectives and suits to multi-objective topology optimization of continuum.

    Study on TIG Welding Arc Light Spectrum of Steel with Disturbing Factor
    Li Zhiyong;Wangbao;Li Huan;Yang Lijun
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    Through collection of TIG welding arc light spectrum of steel with disturbing factor,this paper studied the effect of disturbing factors such as rusty and various gas flow rate on the arc light spectrum distribution.Furthermore, the light radiation of different spectral zones was studied to get the spectral signals that could reflect the disturbing factors which were critical for online welding quality control.The results show that disturbing factor has different distributions and variation in different spectral zones(220~300nm,300~430nm,430~520nm,530~680nm,700~900nm,900nm~1000nm).The 220~300nm zone which is dominated by FeII line spectrum and 700~900nm which is dominated by Ar I line spectrum can obviously reflect the disturbing factor during welding process.The history collecting results show that 250~350nm and 700~830nm spectral zones can provide spectral signals with high signal to noise ratio. Different disturbing factors have different signal characteristics which can provide assorting diagnose criterion for disturbing factors.

    Research on Optimal Preform Die Shape Design through Controlling Deforming Force
    in Metal Forging
    Zhao Xinhai;Huang Xiaohui;Wu Xianghong;Zhao Guoqun 
    2008, 19(12):  0-1392. 
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    In order to control the deforming force during the forging process,a new sensitivity analysis method for preform die shape design based on the rigid visco-plastic finite element method was put forward.The optimization goal was to minimize the deforming force during the forging process through changing the preform die shape.The form of the objective function was given.The optimization design variables were also determined.The sensitivity equations of the objective function with respect to the design variables were developed.Using the FORTRAN programming language,the optimization software was developed and the preform die shape of an H-shaped forging process in plane strain deformation status was optimized.The changes of the objective function and y-stress distribution of the forging during the optimization iteration were given. 

    Development of Steer-by-wire System for Wheel Loader
    Hu Jingbo,;Wang Tongjian;Lou Shijun ; Zhang Zida
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    Steer-by-wire system integrated electro-hydraulic proportion control technology,computer technology and automatic control technology etc.It eliminates the traditional mechanical or hydraulic connection between the hand wheel and the steer wheel.The steering sensitivity can be adjusted in the light of operating modes,also the proper road sense can be provided to the operator. Tackled the contradiction between higher working efficiency and the more stability at high speed,enhanced working performance and decreased the operator’s labor intensity,simplified the assembly of the wheel loader,in the same time, it makes the possibility of the remote control of the wheel loader.The hydraulic system,software and hardware of the electro control system of the steer-by-wire system were designed herein.And the experiment was carried out,the test results indicate that the wheel loader installed the steer-by-wire system can satisfy the requirements.

    Analysis on Dynamic Performance of ATV Frame and Its Vibration Reduction
    Zhu Maotao;Cai Bingfang;Shu Rongjun;Tan Jianhua
    2008, 19(12):  0-1511. 
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    The finite element model of ATV frame was created and modal analysis was performed to get the inherent frequency,with combining the function of the engine,the effects of engine vibration on the frame dynamic performance were analyzed,and through harmonic response analysis,the vibration resulant of every part of the frame was obtained.The method of avoiding resonance between engine and frame was put forward,the parameters of rubber damper were calculated and the fore and aft vibration reduction’s maximum of frame’s displacement response were compared.The road testing proves the rationality of the vibration reduction method.